2011年 3 月 8 日

1. 把握基本要求,优化教学过程，提高教学效率。把握基本要求,优化教学过程，提高教学效率。 —— 八年级研训活动 2011年3月8日

2. 什么是把握教学基本要求 • 把握教材 （教学内容） • 把握学生 （学生差异） • 把握教材和学生的关系 （因材施教）

3. 为什么强调把握教学基本要求 • 每一位学生发展的需要 • 规范教学的需要

4. 《课程标准》—— 课程目标 2. 阶段目标 初中阶段目标分为两个等级，三级和四级。学生的语言能力和态度情感两个方面的分级描述如下：

5. 《课程标准》—— 课程目标

6. 《考试手册》—— 考试目标 语言知识： 主要测试学生在具体语境中对常用词汇、基础语法和常用语言功能的记忆、理解和应用。 语言能力： 1.听 主要测试学生理解口头英语的能力。 （1）从所听材料中获取事实信息的能力； （2）理解所听材料的基本内容及上下文关系的能力； （3）推断所听材料的隐含意思的能力；

7. 《考试手册》—— 考试目标 2.读： 主要测试学生理解书面英语的能力。 （1）从各类语篇中获取事实信息的能力； （2）根据上下文理解词句意义的能力； （3）理解和归纳语篇主旨大意的能力； （4）推测语篇隐含意义的能力。 1.写 主要测试学生根据要求进行书面表达的能力。 （1）运用词汇和语法知识写出正确的句子的能力； （2）用通顺连贯的语言围绕一个主题进行表达的能力；

8. 10年302个单词，选材与学生日常生活贴近。 The water tap was leaking again, and the noise was driving Cassie crazy. 78. The noise of ___ was driving Cassie crazy. A) the tap B) her cat C) her father D) the clock

9. Cassie looked at her watch. It was nearly nine o’clock. She climbed out of bed and stood on a chair by the shelf. Her mother’s Mr. Fix-It Book was on the top shelf. Cassie stepped down quietly. She read the book carefully until she found the page she was looking for, and then began to read carefully. Next, Cassie opened a box in the kitchen and picked out the tools she needed---a hammer, a wrench, and several small things. It was no easy job for her to do the repair, and she tried several times. Finally, the water tap was in pieces. One by one, she carefully laid them out on the table. That way she would know how they went back. While she this was going on, her cat walked over to watch what she was doing. 79. Mr. Fix-It Book is probably a book on how to ___. A) train pets B) fall asleep C) fix things D) cook food

10. Cassie worked late into the night. At one point, she thought she was done. Oops! A small piece that she had forgotten still lay on the table.Slowly Cassie took the water tap apart one more time. This time she made sure everything was in piece. She turned the water tap on and then off. One…two…three… She waited a full minute. There was no leak! Cassie smiled and put the tools back into the box. Then she went back into bed. The next morning, Dad was in the kitchen when Cassie got up. “Notice anything, Dad?” she asked. 80. Cassie took the water tap apart again because ___. A) she had forgotten one piece B) the tap was still leaking C) the cat had taken one piece away D) she hadn’t understood the book 81. The water tap wasn’t fixed until ___. A) nine o’clock B) late that night C) the next morning D) the next afternoon

11. He looked around and listened. “Hmm, sonething’s missing… I can’t find out what it is…Wait, it’s too quiet in here!” “That’s right,” Cassie said, “something is missing. I fixed the water tap. It doesn’t leak any more.” “That’s my girl,” Dad said. “It’s a good thing you are really like your mother.” 82. In the end, ___ fixed the water tap. A) Cassie’s mother B) Cassie’s father C) Mr. Fix-It D) Cassie 83. We can learn from the last sentence of the passage that ___. A) Cassie’s mother is good-looking B) Cassie likes her mother very much C) Cassie’s mother is good at fixing things D) Cassie looks quite like her mother 84. From the passage we know that Cassie is a(an) ___ girl. A) funny B) able C) honest D) lazy

12. 把握教学基本要求中的主要问题 • 教学要求（目标）过高 • 内容要求高 • 对象要求高

13. electricity electric electrical electronic an _________ engineer an _________ dictionary an _________ fan

14. 把握教学基本要求中的主要问题 • 教学内容随意增减 • 词汇的教学 • 语法的教学 • 课文教学

15. 把握教学基本要求中的主要问题 • 作业要求过高

16. Oxford English: 8B Unit 5France is calling (Period 1 Homework) 1) Read and recite the passage. 2) Composition: Shanghai is calling. 3) Surf the Internet for more information about France.

17. 把握教学基本要求中的主要问题 • 考试目标过高或偏离

18. 考点超前 2009学年第一学期8年级英语期中考试试卷 33．Would you mind my ______ here? A) parkB) to parkC) parking D) parks 34．He has got a small dog ______ Lucky as his present from his aunt. A) called B) calls C) calling D) call

19. 9年级 32. Your composition is very good _____ a few spelling mistakes. A) except B) except forC) except that D) besides

20. -- Do you still remember _______ me somewhere in Shanghai? -- Yes, of course. Two years ago. （7年级） A. to see B. sees C. seeing D. see When you sit out here, you really can feel the _________ of the sun. (powerful) They had an _________ about the result of the matches. (argue) （8年级） I would rather _______ the dog. It's dangerous. （8年级） A. not to play B. not to play with C. not play with D. don't play with

21. 考的不教 Listening for details. Listening for implied meanings. Reading for details. Summarizing a story. Writing an email. ...

22. 教的不考 Why copy the new words? Why recite the whole text? Why spend so much time on vocabulary and grammar? Why...

23. 命题超出教学基本要求的情况 • 该教的不教 音标 句子成分 阅读技能 ……

24. 首字母填空 Last week, Lin Dan w__73__ the men's singles final at the World Badminton Championships in Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡）, Malaysia. He became the second men's singles player to win the world champion title two years on the run（连续地）. More than...

25. 为什么考首字母填空？ • 首字母填空怎么教？ • 要教会学生5个基本句式 • 要教会学生分析句子成分 • 要教会学生理解词性 • 要教会学生理解句子，并从句子中寻找信息 • 要教会学生理解句与句之间的关系 • 要教会学生归纳段落大意 • 要教会学生从文章的上下文中寻找线索

26. 根据上下文理解意思并熟练运用词语的能力。 The other main problems are disagreements (不和) about car parking spaces, and old people complaining about the young. Some disagreements last a l__ __time. In one case, people who live in the same building haven’t talked to each other for fifteen years. Sometimes the disagreements end in violence. In one of the worst cases, a man killed a neighbour because he kept parking in “his space”. ong

27. More practice: 1. Of course, country life also has weak points. We feel isolated (孤立的) sometimes, too, especially since the n ___ neighbors are almost 100 km away. One more trouble is that we can’t get many things as easily as we do in the city. There are no schools, supermarkets or shops, and if we are ill we have to call the flying doctor. Although life here can be difficult, we wouldn’t change it for the world. earest

28. More practice: 2. Tomas disappeared on Friday afternoon. On Saturday night, a U.S. Border Patrol(边境巡逻）officer saw small footprints in the sand. He f the footprints to a bush. Under the bush he found Tomas. Tomas was cold, hungry, and thirsty. He had cuts on his feet and face. But he was alive. He was 15 miles from his home. ollowed

29. More practice: 3. Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading books is f__1__. You can always keep yourself interested if you like reading. This is especially useful if the weather is bad. It is a relaxing hobby, too. funny fun

30. Next, you can read books almost a_____2_____: in a car, in a waiting room, on a plane, in bed — e__3__ in the bath. all you need is a book! More practice: Next, you can read books almost nytime a__2____: when you are anytime sitting in the room, or taking a plane, or lying in bed, or anywhere ven e__3__ when you are having a bath. All you need is a book！

31. 根据文章（段落）内容进行概括。 Mum used to drive us to school, but now my sister and I have started riding our bikes to school. It’s hard work but good exercises! This week dad and a few of the people he works with also started to go to work together in one car and share the cost. This should help r 7___ greenhouse gases! My friends and I became volunteers at school. We help make our school more earth-friendly. （09年中考） educe

32. 根据文章（段落）内容进行概括。 Have a bath---it’s a great way to relax. But n_______ stay in there too long. More than twenty minutes and you will lose all your energy. And the bathroom isn’t the best place to fall asleep! （07年中考） ever

33. More practice: 1.Many American f________ live busy lives. Every week, the children have sports, music lessons, club meetings, and many other activities, including hours of homework. The parents work, take care of their homes, cook meals, and drive their children to activities. amily

34. More practice: 2.With seconds, people can know the results of an election in Japan or America. News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries. Within hours, help is on the way. Because of technology, information travels q_________. uickly

35. More practice: 3.When I first moved into the new neighborhood, I remember I was playing with my dog in the car porch when the friendly woman living next door tried to start a c with me. “What is your dog’s name?” she asked. “Lucky.” I replied without smiling. “And where are you schooling?” she continued. “I have just moved here from another town.” I replied unwillingly to offer any more information as I have been reminded from time to time by my mother not to talk to strangers. onversation

36. 语法及词汇的正确使用。 • Week 3 We stopped talking long baths and had short showers instead. We flushed the toilet with used water. When mum and dad made tea or coffee, they used l 5 water in the kettle. My sister and I didn’t leave the tap running when we brushed our teeth. ess

37. “Fire! Fire!” What horrible words to hear when one wakes up in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large, wooden house and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, opened the door and s out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke. • I began to run, but as I was still only half awake, instead of going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction. The smoke grew t and I could see flames all around and the floor became hot under my bare feet. tepped thick hicker

38. Miss White was watching TV alone at home. At about eleven o’clock, the programme suddenly stopped. “Sorry to interrupt the programme. Now we are told to broadcast an important (97) n from the police station. At about nine this evening, a lady named Mrs. Brown was robbed and killed. Anyone who can supply any clue is requested to report to the police. Thank you.” otice

39. 把握教学基本要求——落实教学环节 确定教学内容 教材解读 确定教学目标 命题评价 实施教学 作业设计与实施

40. 阅读教学 • 阅读教学的文本解读 • 语言知识：词汇、句子、篇章 • 语言技能：阅读能力(选择信息、猜意、指代、 概括等各项微技能） • 教育内涵：激发学生情感思维 • 文化内涵

41. "I'm sorry, sir," the clerk repeated, "but the hotel rules say..." "It's against the rules," he said.

44. 命题如何把握教学基本要求 • 教学中坚持教学基本要求+适当较高要求 • 首先要教 • 教学要求要细化 • 践行“教什么、考什么” • 要重视词性、构词法、句子成分等基础

45. 题型“创新” • 根据音标写单词 • Spot dictation • 连词成句 • 改写句子 • 单句首字母填空 • 根据构词法猜测词义 • 在上下文中猜测词义 • 归纳段落大意 • 为短文重拟标题 • 改错

46. THANK YOU