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Lecture 9

Lecture 9. High and Low Pressure Systems (Read Chapter 22 For Friday). 300 mb vs. Surface (GFS output from AOS site). 300mb height + speed. Surface pressure, Temperature, precipitation. Divergence vs. Convergence. Directional Convergence. Directional Divergence. Speed Convergence.

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Lecture 9

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  1. Lecture 9 High and Low Pressure Systems (Read Chapter 22 For Friday)

  2. 300 mb vs. Surface(GFS output from AOS site) 300mb height + speed Surface pressure, Temperature, precipitation

  3. Divergence vs. Convergence Directional Convergence Directional Divergence Speed Convergence Speed Divergence

  4. Convergence at one height tends to be balanced by divergence at another…but not completely!

  5. Gradient Wind Balance takes centrifugal force into account Winds moving around a cyclone tend to be sub-geostrophic because centrifugal acceleration (relative to the curved flow) opposes the pressure gradient acceleration Winds moving around a synoptic-scale anticyclone tend to be super-geostrophic because centrifugal acceleration (relative to the curved flow) adds to the pressure gradient acceleration

  6. In a wave pattern, winds spped up and slow down from curvature of flow

  7. Jet Streak 4 Celled Pattern Jet Streak Jet Streak

  8. Curvature vs. Speed convergence

  9. Imbalance between upper-level convergence/divergenceand compensating surface divergence/convergenceleads to surface pressure rises/falls

  10. Surface Friction forces upward motion in low and sinking motion in high

  11. Today’s weather http://www.atmos.albany.edu/weather/difax.html

  12. How surface heating affects pressure

  13. Formation of surface pressure low and highs as a result of jet movement

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