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Basic Flower Structure

Basic Flower Structure. stigma. carpel. Pistil is simple. gynoecium. Flower is perfect Flower is monoecious. locule. style. pollen. ovary. ovule. anther. superior. filament. stamen. Flower is hypogynous. androecium. petal. corolla. sepal. perianth. receptacle. calyx.

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Basic Flower Structure

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  1. Basic Flower Structure stigma carpel Pistil is simple gynoecium Flower is perfect Flower is monoecious locule style pollen ovary ovule anther superior filament stamen Flower is hypogynous androecium petal corolla sepal perianth receptacle calyx Perianth is complete pedicel This longitudinal section view does not allow us to consider symmetry

  2. pollination pollen tube growth pollen dehiscence x chemotropism syngamy Flower Functions Leading to Sex vectors: animals, wind What are the rest of the flower parts doing?

  3. epidermis vein mesophyll pollen grains Anther Cross Section - How many anther sacs are present?

  4. cytoplasm cytoplasm nucleus nucleus nucleolus nucleolus Pollen Wall Pollen grain Tube Cell Generative Cell Digests path through stigma, style, and ovary. Locates micropyle of ovule. Penetrates into embryo sac. Divides by mitosis to make two sperm. Both join in syngamy events. Waterproofing prevents desiccation during pollen transfer. Recognition proteins cause allergic reactions.

  5. VIP: Pollen Grain Pollen Wall Generative Cell Tube Cell Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Nucleus Nucleus Nucleolus Nucleolus Fate: Digests Path to Egg Locates Micropyle Enters Embryo Sac Is Burst to Release Sperm Fate: Follows Path of Tube Divides by Mitosis Makes Two Sperm Both Have Syngamy

  6. Pollen grain deposited by vector on stigma Tube cell germinates through pollen wall Pollen tube digests pathway to egg Attracted to source of hormones, Calcium, Boron Chemotropism toward micropyle of ovule Penetrates into embryo sac generative nucleus pollen tube Generative cell follows pathway of pollen tube. Generative cell divides to make two sperm cells. tube nucleus tube nucleus Golgi and vesicles Synergids burst end of pollen tube. Sperm released into embryo sac. Syngamy events follow.

  7. Rhododendron maximum ovule ls Integument 3 Antipodal Cells Central Cell Embryo Sac Egg Cell 2 Synergid Cells Micropyle of Integument disintegrate + sperm = endosperm + sperm = zygote burst pollen tube release sperm disintegrate

  8. VIP: Embryo Sac in Ovule Embryo Sac Ovule Antipodals Integument Central Cell Funiculus Egg Micropyle Synergids

  9. Plant Pornography? Disintegrating Antipodals Polar Nuclei Sperm Nucleus Sperm Nucleus Egg Nucleus Disintegrating Synergids Central Cell Syngamy Product = Endosperm 3N Egg Cell Syngamy Product = Zygote 2N

  10. After Syngamy, the Names are Changed… • Egg becomes Zygote • Central cell becomes Endosperm • Ovule becomes Seed • Integument becomes Seed coat • Ovary wall becomes Fruit

  11. Integument became seed coat Egg became zygote Zygote became embryo Central Cell became endosperm Ovary became fruit Capsella shepherd’s purse seed

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