Roman Life, Christianity, Rome’s Fall (100 BC- 400 AD)

1. Roman Life Homes Paterfamilia Religion Fun Slavery Christianity Rise Persecution Later Rome Constantine Why Fall? (476 AD) Key Terms Domus Larium Insulae Circus Maximus Colosseum Public Baths Spartacus Constantine Council of Nicea Theodosius Barbarian Invasions Bread & Circus Roman Life, Christianity, Rome’s Fall(100 BC- 400 AD)

2. Homes-Domus(Single-story homes for rich)

3. Atrium(Often open to the sky with a basin to catch rainwater)

4. Larium(A household shrine for special gods or ancestors of the family)

5. Homes-Insulae(Multi-story apartments for commoners)

6. Public Toilets-Not Much Privacy(Open to men & women at same time)

7. Food/Diet • Wealthy = Bread, meat & fish were common; exotic meats, fruits & vegetables • Poor = Bread; some vegetables, pork on rare occasions

8. Roman Family • Family = Paterfamilia • All family authority (including life & death) was held by the father. • Marriages were usually arranged.

9. Mother & Child • Mothers/women had no political power, but did exercise authority over education of children.

10. Prayers were recited on a regular basis each day. Religion

11. Larium(A household shrine for special gods or ancestors of the family)

12. Romans tolerated other religions, but all had to respect Roman gods. Jewish temple in Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD Jews were dispersed from Jerusalem in 73 AD Simply took Greek gods and renamed them. Prayers were recited on a regular basis each day. Religion

13. Greek & Roman Gods Greek Roman Zeus Jupiter

14. Greek & Roman Gods Greek Roman Hera Juno

15. Greek & Roman Gods Roman Greek Poseidon Neptune

16. Holidays: Workday: 160-170 per year 6-7 hours Fun In Rome

17. Chariot Races(At Circus Maximus) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbQvpJsTvxU

18. Teams Blue White Green Red

19. Exotic Animals & Gladiators at Colosseum

20. Public Baths Rooms At The Baths • Tepidarium • Calidarium • Frigidarium

21. Pont du Gard - Aqueduct(France-178 feet high)

22. Slavery • In 14 AD Italy’s population was 7.5 million; 1/3 were slaves (about 3 million). • Most were former prisoners of war and they worked producing food. • 73 BC Spartacus led a slave rebellion; at its height, it involved 120,000 men.

23. Christianity • Grew out of Jewish belief a Messiah would come one day. • It is believed Jesus was born 4 BC. • Message-all (including poor) could be saved; established ethical standards. • Jesus was seen as subversive to Roman authority and executed around 29-33 AD.

24. Gospels(Written 60-120 AD) • Synoptic Gospels (meant to be read together) • Mark (65-70 AD) • Written while disciples were alive (could have been contradicted); Goal = biography • Matthew (85-90 AD) • Goal = convert Jews; fulfills OT prophecy • Luke (90-100 AD) • Goal = convert non-Jews; several verses taken word-for-word from Mark & Matthew

25. Gospels(Written 60-120 AD) • John (90-100 AD or later) • Contradicts earlier Gospels in places • Not biography; Goal = theological study with Christ as redeemer/creator

26. Traveled throughout the entire Roman world. Used Roman road network. Koine-Greek trade language. Preached to Jews and non-Jews alike. Wrote to Christians all over the Mediterranean world outlining religious teachings/doctrine. Paul Of Tarsus

27. Persecution • Labeled as Atheists because many would not respect Roman gods. • Appeared to have odd religious practices… • Emperor Nero blamed Christians for the great fire in 64 AD.

28. Christianity • Greek letters for word “fish” abbreviated: “Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior.”

29. Diocletian • Political Reform: The Empire was divided into four geographic regions • Social Reform: Christianity was outlawed • Economic Reform: The tax system was modified and taxes increased 284-305 AD

30. Constantine • He consolidated power and ruled by decree • The capital of the Roman empire was moved to the East— Constantinople • The practice of Christianity was legalized 306-337 AD

31. They Might Be Giants “Istanbul was Constantinople” http://vodpod.com/watch/3891206-istanbul-not-constantinople-

32. Theodosius • Decreed Christianity was the official religion of Rome (380 AD). 379-395

33. Non-Christian Religions Prohibited Temple & Statue of Zeus in Olympia Temple of Zeus = Destroyed

34. Council of Nicea(326 AD) • There were many views as to the nature of Jesus & Christian Doctrine. • Constantine called all religious leaders (Bishops) together • Nicene Creed: • Trinity: God, Jesus & Holy Spirit are one • Virgin birth of Jesus • He was crucified & rose from dead

35. Why Did Rome Fall?(476 AD) • Bread & Circus! • People wanted “games” and free food. They became consumers; not producers • Administrative problems-the empire was simply too big to govern • Barbarian Invasions • Roman army wasn’t what it used to be

36. A Better Question: How/why was it able to last so long?

37. Roman Life Homes Paterfamilia Religion Fun Slavery Christianity Rise Persecution Later Rome Constantine Why Fall? (476 AD) Key Terms Domus Larium Insulae Circus Maximus Colosseum Public Baths Spartacus Constantine Council of Nicea Theodosius Barbarian Invasions Bread & Circus Roman Life, Christianity, Rome’s Fall(100 BC- 400 AD)