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How has the education of women changed?. Hannah Aliyetti. Pearl Arredondo. Gang member at a young age in LA Many teachers looked down on her Said she was a “lost cause” and had “problems with authority”. Pearl Arredondo. Graduated high school Attended college
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How has the education of women changed? Hannah Aliyetti
Pearl Arredondo • Gang member at a young age in LA • Many teachers looked down on her • Said she was a “lost cause” and had “problems with authority”
Pearl Arredondo • Graduated high school • Attended college • Worked as a special ed assistant • Created her San Fernando Media School
Colonial Times • Reading and writing • No further education for girls • Boys were allowed if there was space
1880 - 1930 • Homemakers • Encouraged to take certain classes • Home economics • Sewing • Cookings • Commercial • Clerical work • Book keeping • Accounting • Etc.
1880 - 1930 • Industrial education • Only taught at specialized schools • Could be taught to women
Title IX – What is it? • Signed by Nixon in 1972 • 40 year anniversary in 2012 • Does not allow discrimination of gender in education and federally funded activities
What does it affect? • Athletic sports in high school • then <300,000 • now >3 million
Requirements for Title IX • Opportunities for female students to participate • Scholarships for all (if they are allowed to men) • Equal treatment between genders
3-part test for Compliance • Number of male and female athletes correspond to enrollment • History of program expansion for underrepresented gender • Accommodations for underrepresented gender
Discussion • Do you know of any friends or family (or yourself personally) that were directly affected by Title IX? • What do you think our society would be like if Title IX was not passed? • What are some other activities that Title IX may affect besides sports?
Works Cited • Arredondo, P. (May 2013). Pearl Arredondo: My story, from gangland daughter to star teacher. [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/talks/pearl_arredondo_my_story_from_gangland_daughter_to_star_teacher.html • Buchanan, Maggie (Fall 2012). A brief history and look forward. Texas Review of Entertainment & Sports Law. 14(1):91-93. • Rury, J. (Spring 1984). Vocationalismfor home and work: women's education in the United States, 1880–1930. History of Education Quarterly 24(1): 37.
TitleIX Turns 40: A Brief History and Look Forward.Authors:Buchanan, Maggie Jo Poertner • Buchanan, Maggie (Fall 2012). A brief history and look forward. Texas Review of Entertainment & Sports Law. 14(1):91-93.