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BIOMASS ENERGY

BIOMASS ENERGY. PLT404- Renewable Energy Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). Biomass is a renewable energy source that is derived from living or recently living organisms. Biomass includes biological material such as trees, grasses, or agricultural crops, not organic material like coal.

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BIOMASS ENERGY

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  1. BIOMASS ENERGY PLT404- Renewable Energy Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)

  2. Biomass is a renewable energy source that is derived from living or recently living organisms. • Biomass includes biological material such as trees, grasses, or agricultural crops, not organic material like coal. • Energy derived from biomass is mostly used to generate electricity or to produce heat. • Thermal energy is extracted by means of combustion, torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. • Biomass can be chemically and biochemically treated to convert it to a energy-rich fuel. OVERVIEW

  3. Wood and Wood products • Agricultural Biproducts and Residues • Trees, shrubs, grasses and other energy crops • Typically fast growing

  4. Biomass production without N fertilizer! Biological nitrogen fixing cane varieties and trash farming can meet all the N demands of a high yielding cane crop Cane residue conserved in a ratooning field can increase soil carbon & biologically fix more than 100 kg N/ha during decomposition

  5. Cane field residues are generated at harvest when the cane stalks for milling are seperated from the leaves and tops Napier grass is very productive with yields up to 30 tonne/ha Fast growing trees can be used in agroforestry systems to increase sustainability

  6. The advantages forbiomass energy Most of them are renewable, e.g., wood, mustard oil and crop residues. Solve energy crisis in the future. Some of them are re-using the waste, e.g.,crop residues, sewage. High energy efficiency. Generally it does not polluted the atmosphere as much as oil and coal.

  7. The disadvantages of the using of biomass energy (1) More serious air pollution was found when burning plants matters, e.g., CO2, CO, solid particulate matter. Emission more carcinogens into the air. Emission some toxic gases and ash.

  8. The disadvantages of the using of biomas energy (2) It takes too much energy to collect, dry and transport the residues to power plants. Reduce soil nutrient replenishment. The source of biomass can use fertilize soil, e.g., crop residues and animal manure. Cutting too many woods is a kind of deforestation can cause, soil erosion and natural disasters

  9. The disadvantages of the using of biomas energy (3) Raising the price of food, wood and wood products indirectly. May cause accident. It uses large area to grow biomass.

  10. The limitations forusing biomass energy Either high technological level or catalytic combustion is needed. Large area is needed to grow plants for biomass energy use. When producing biomass fuel, large amount of waste will also produced.

  11. The environmental problemsare caused by biomass energy (1) It will intensify air pollution. It may cause saltilization and decrease to total size of the arable land.

  12. The environmental problemsare caused by biomass energy (2) The source of biomass can use fertilize soil, e.g., crop residues and animal manure. Cutting too many woods is a kind of deforestation can cause, soil erosion and natural disasters

  13. What is the use of biomass energy? For producing heat energy Anything from the nature which can burn to heat. E.g. charcoal, wood, Mustard oil • For producing electricity • Using method is same as oil. Burn it and get energy either for a state or a house. • E.g. wood, crop residues, Mustard oil

  14. http://www.renegy.com/images/BiomassCycleChart_001.gif

  15. Waste to Energy Plant

  16. Fig. Biomass electric power generation

  17. Installation Cost of Biomass Power Plant Table below shows an installation cost of 150 kW biomass power generation and Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) rates of biomass power generation by Sustainable Energy Development Authority (SEDA) Malaysia. It is proposed to supply a load of 150 kW. (a) Compare the electricity bill that should be paid to TNB and profit of biomass power generation per year, if the domestic tariff by TNB up to 200 kWh is RM 0.28 . (b) Draw a cash flow of biomass power generation by assuming the first two years are installation works. When will it has a break even point?

  18. Table: Installation cost of biomass power plant Table: Fit rates having installed capacity of biomass power plant

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