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Welcome! Monday, 1/14

Welcome! Monday, 1/14. Gametes – sperm and egg are gametes Gene – A section of DNA that codes for a protein Chromosome – Visable DNA Chromatids – two exact copies of a chromosome Centromere – Where chromatids join. TOC. 1. Reviewing terms from book 1/8 2. Probability 1/8

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Welcome! Monday, 1/14

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  1. Welcome! Monday, 1/14 Gametes – sperm and egg are gametes Gene – A section of DNA that codes for a protein Chromosome – Visable DNA Chromatids – two exact copies of a chromosome Centromere – Where chromatids join

  2. TOC • 1. Reviewing terms from book 1/8 • 2. Probability 1/8 • 3 Mitosis/Meiosis 1/11 • 4 Meiosis Notes

  3. Somatic Cell – any cell in the body other than gametesHuman somatic cells have a total of 46 chromosomes or 23pairs.

  4. Homologous Chromosomes – similar size, shape, and genetic contentDiploid – two sets of chromsomesdiploid number in a human somatic cell can be written as: 2n=46Haploid – one set of chromsomeshaploid number in a human gamete can be written as: n=23

  5. Zygote – fertilized eggFertilization – uniting of sperm and eggautosomes – any of the chromosomes not used in determining sexOf the 23 pairs of chromosomes, how many pairs are autosomes? 22

  6. Male: XY Female: XXUltimately, the sex of the child is determined by the male.

  7. Meiosis – form of division that results in half of the chromosomesCrossing over – breaking/joining and remixing of homologous chromosomesIndependent assortment -is the random assortment of chromosomes during the production of gametes

  8. Random fertilization: The ovum has 8 million possible chromosome combinations, so does the sperm cell. 8 million x 8 million = 64 trillion possible diploid combinations in EACH AND EVERY zygote! WOW!!In other words, you're unique...(...just like everyone else.....).

  9. Spermatogenesis – process that makes spermssperm – a male gamete used in reproductionOogenesis - The formation, development, and maturation of an ovum – a mature eggPolar body - minute cell produced and ultimately discarded in the development of an oocyte

  10. Life cycleParthenogenesis - is type of asexual reproduction in which a female gamete or egg cell develops into an individual without fertilization

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