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Today’s Agenda. Assignment 1 is due Monday I’ll accept until Friday without penalty Questions? Review Taaffe’s Model Gravity Model Atlanta. Taaffe’s Network Model of Development: A Sequence of Ideal Types. Local ports and hinterlands Penetration lines (e.g. mine to port)
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Today’s Agenda • Assignment 1 is due Monday • I’ll accept until Friday without penalty • Questions? • Review • Taaffe’s Model • Gravity Model • Atlanta
Taaffe’s Network Model of Development: A Sequence of Ideal Types • Local ports and hinterlands • Penetration lines (e.g. mine to port) • Network interconnection (interior hubs) • High priority trunk lines
Gravity Model of Spatial Interaction • where: • I = interaction • P = population, or some other surrogate k = constant (scalar) • d = distance between points i and j. • b = friction of distance (slope of distance decay function)
Gravity Model of Spatial Interaction CALG 750K 300 km MH 45K 220 km 170 km LETH 65K Interaction Matrix
Gravity Model of Spatial Interaction • P may be based on other measures: • total employment for POP • total registered vehicles • total employment income etc • Exponent, b may be based on other measures of “friction of distance”: • travel time rather than distance • travel cost rather than distance • Consider effect of technology change on b.
Atlanta • Emblematic of the “new south” • Rapid growth in sunbelt • Urbanization, industrialization, high technology, corporate centre, transportation • Rivalry with Savannah as Georgia’s key port • Railroad • Delta airline hub • Interstate highway system and I-285 beltway • Edge City/suburban downtown phenomenon • Decentralization of Office space
Impact of Transportation on Economic Activity • Water – coastal, river, lake, cities • Railway – Prairie cities • Highway development – 3 phases of impact • Substitution: shipping by rail→road • Modal separation • Pedestrians and highways • Transition: adjacent land use/density • Induced demand • Developmental: • Transportation ↔ Economic activity