Personal Financial Management for Teens

1. Personal Financial Management for Teens Presented by Michael A. Goldberg, BComm, BEd Richview Branch, TPL, February 2013 Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

2. Agenda A) Budgeting - managing your • Income • Savings • Expenses and budgets more effectively B) Percentage & Interest Calculation C) Saving & Investing D) Debt & Credit Cards • Selecting & Opening a Bank Account Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

3. “FLingo!” Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

4. A) Budgeting • Income • Expenses • Creating a Budget Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

5. 1. Income & its Sources What is Income? • Basically, its Money you Earn or simply receive • Write down all of your sources of income! Income Sources: • Job • Parents! (eg. Allowance, gifts) • Government • Investments • Others? Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

6. 2. Expenses What are Expenses? • Things you pay for, that have little value once purchased • Write down all of your expenses Examples of Expenses: • Clothing • Entertainment (eg. movies, video games, music) • Transportation • Food • Haircut • Rent Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

7. 3. Creating a Budget What’s a Budget? • A plan for saving and spending (calculated monthly, yearly or for a special event) What are the steps involved in creating a budget? • Calculate all income • Calculate all expenses • Find the difference between Income & Expenses to determine if you have a • Budget surplus (positive result) • Budget deficit (negative result) • Balanced Budget Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

8. Budgeting Budget Surplus/ = Income – Expenses Deficit Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

9. Budgeting What’s next? • Figure out where you can reduce expenses/increase surplus • Do something with the surplus! • What would happen if the end result was a budget deficit? Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

10. Expenses How do you control Expenses? • Make sure you really need the purchase • Comparison shop • Don’t just go into a store and buy something – do some research and ask yourself “Is this the best price?” • Ask “Can you do any better on the price?” • This sometimes gets you a better deal • What’s the worst that can happen? They say “No!” • Avoid going into debt because of the purchase • Ask yourself “Can I afford this?” • Find cheaper ways to play • eg. Rent movies instead of buying (or borrow from the library) • Coupons! Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

11. Budgeting Tips • Keep receipts when making purchases (to get accurate calculations) • Keep it up-to-date – things change over time • Always look for places where you can spend less • If you’re comfortable with computers, use a spreadsheet, or other pre-set budget maker. • Use a Budgeting App! • Keep it realistic! Sometimes things don’t go as planned, so don’t be too critical. Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

12. Budget Tips – Cut Spending! • The Latte Factor! Avoid getting into the habit of buying expensive coffees/drinks EVERYDAY!!! (This could save you about $1000/year!) • Bag your lunch instead of buying it • Think of the yearly (annual) expense Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

13. B) What does Percent mean? % Per Cent out of/ divided by 100 Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

14. C) Saving & Investing Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

15. Saving Why Save for the Future? • Rainy Day • To meet certain Goals • Emergency • Retirement Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

16. Saving – The 10% Solution How much should I save? • According to David Chilton, author of The Wealthy Barber, you should save 10-percent of all the money you receive (income) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

17. With saving, the most important step is to get started. Investing Video Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

18. Investing Definition? It’s an item of value that you buy to get income or to grow in value. Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

19. Investing Types of Investments • GICs (Guaranteed Investment Certificates) • Savings Bonds • Stocks • Mutual Funds • ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds) • Real Estate • Others? Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

20. Investing Five Basic Steps of Investing • Set Goals • Determine what kind of investor you are (how much risk can you handle) • Pick a mix of investments (asset mix) • Choose investments • Keep track of your investments Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

21. Investing - The Miracle of Compound Interest • Compounding is simply making interest on interest. Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

22. Investing - Rate of Return Calculation X 100% (New-Old) Old For example, if you have a $100 investment that has turned into $110 after a year, the rate of return is calculated like this: ($110-$100) 100 =10/100 x 100% = .1 x 100% = 10% X 100% Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

23. 72 Interest Rate 72 8 Investing – Rule of 72 This is a simple calculation used to determine how many years it will take your money to double. Example: Your investment earns 8% interest per year. How long will it take to double? Answer:It will take 9 years for your investment to double. Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

24. Investing Tax Shelters • TFSA (Tax-Free Savings Account) • RRSP (Registered Retirement Savings Plan) • RESP (Registered Educational Savings Plan) • RDSP (Registered Disability Savings Plan) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

25. D) Debts & Credit Cards • Why do People Borrow Money? • Why you should Avoid Borrowing Money • Credit Rating • Types of Debt • Credit Cards Credit Card Video Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

26. 1. Why do People Borrow Money? • Large purchases they couldn’t otherwise afford, like… • House • Car • Education (after high school) • Start a business • Emergency • Pay off another debt, but at a lower interest rate Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

27. 2.Why you should avoid borrowing money • It can become a habit • You have to pay interest (takes money away from other things you need) • If misused, it could damage your credit rating Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

28. 3. Credit Rating • Your ability to repay what you borrow, is scored • Your credit rating will have an effect on how much, or at what rate, you may borrow in the future • If your credit rating’s bad, you may not be able to borrow at all • Once you start borrowing, you should check your credit rating every year (sometimes mistakes are made) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

29. 4. Types of Debt • Credit Cards • Overdraft Protection (let’s your chequing account go negative without bouncing checks – a big money maker for banks!) • Loan • Mortgage (used to finance house) • Lease (like a long term rental) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

30. 5. Credit Cards Credit Cards • Let you pay for things without money (for now!) • Most are issued by banks (Visa/Mastercard) Charge Cards • Issued by particular stores • Avoid these, as their use is limited to the one store • Charge higher interest rates than regular credit cards Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

31. Credit Card Tips • Pay credit cards off every month – once you carry a balance, you get charged interest (and it’s expensive debt) • Ask the bank for a better/lower interest rate • Avoid cards with annual fees • Look for rewards associated with the card (travel points, groceries, cash bonuses, etc.) • Shop around – lots of banks will eventually offer you a credit card – find the lowest interest rate • Only own ONE credit card Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

32. APR • Annual Percentage Rate • The interest rate you’ll pay, which is quoted on an annual basis • Must be quoted/stated when you sign-up for credit • Always try to figure out “What will this cost me per year?” 18%??? Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

33. Selecting & Opening a Bank Account • Types • Savings • Chequing • Which one’s for Me? Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

34. Types of Bank Accounts Savings vs. Chequing Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

35. Opening a Bank AccountSavings Account Advantages of savings accounts: • Good for emergencies • Good if you’re not comfortable with investing • Convenient – can use a debit card for deposits (putting-in) or withdrawals (taking-out) • No risk of losing your money • Deposits in Canada are protected by the CIDC (Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation) • Insures up to $100,000/institution Image Source: (http://www.cdic.ca/Protecting_Your_Deposits.html, October 23, 2010) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

36. Opening a Bank AccountChequing Account Similar to Savings accounts? • Chequing accounts are a safe - covered by the CDIC Differences? • Used for different reasons (bill payments, etc.) • Pays less interest • Can cost more in fees • Cheques • Transaction charges • Service charges • Minimum balance charges • NSF (non-sufficient funds) charges Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

37. Which One’s for Me? Depends on the purpose of having an account • Save money? • Pay bills? • Internet banking/access? • Debit card needed? • Whatever you use the bank for, make sure you minimize any charges!!! Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

38. FCAC’s Bank Selector Tool Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

39. Who can get an account/what’s needed? • Anyone can have an account • If you’re under 18, you need a parent/guardian to help you sign-up • When you get your account, you will need to provide identification Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

40. High Interest Savings Accounts • This should be considered • Lately, some high interest savings accounts are paying 2% interest/year • Examples – President’s Choice Financial, ING Direct, ICICI, Ally Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

41. FLingo Revisited & Feedback! Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013

42. Resources Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation. <http://www.cdic.ca> Chilton, David. The Wealthy Barber. Stoddart: Toronto, 1989. Financial Consumer Agency of Canada. <http://www.fcac-acfc.gc.ca/> Investor Education Fund. <http://www.getsmarteraboutmoney.ca> Vaz-Oxlade, Gail. Debt Free Forever. Collins: Toronto, 2009. Vaz-Oxlade, Gail. <gailvazoxlade.com/resources/interactive_budget_worksheet.html> (The site includes a link to an Excel/spreadsheet version! Check out the rest of her site.) http://www.getsmarteraboutmoney.ca/education-programs/Documents/2008_fm_10_creditreport.pdf (Additional information on Credit Reports) Personal Financial Management for Teens M.A. Goldberg, February 2013