Sahel Lake Tanganyika Nile River Desertification Congo River Sudan

1. Sahel Lake Tanganyika Nile River Desertification Congo River Sudan Atlas Mountains South Africa Tuareg Nigeria Oasis Democratic Republic Egypt of the Congo Niger River Extinction Deforestation Kenya Green Line Drought Nomads Kalahari Desert Sahara Desert Savanna

2. Definitions • Sahel: a dry, semi-arid region south of the Sahara Desert covering almost 1,800,000 square miles that is slowly turning into desert land. It serves as a transition region between the harsh desert to the north and the grasslands and rain forest to the south and stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea. The word Sahel means “border” or “margin”. • Nile River: the longest river in the world which begins in the central mountains of Africa, runs through Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt, and flows northward over 4,000 miles until it reaches the Mediterranean Sea at Alexandria, Egypt.

3. Definitions • Congo River: begins in central Africa near Lake Tanganyika, flows through central and west Africa through the largest rain forest in Africa for almost 3,000 miles before it reaches the Atlantic Ocean. • Atlas Mountain Range: a group of mountains that separate the coastal regions from the great Sahara Desert in northern Africa. • Tuareg: a group whose name means “free men”, as their nomadic way of life has not tied them down to one area.

4. Definitions • Oasis: a small place where trees are able to grow and where people can live with grazing animals and a few crops. • Egypt: a large north African country located along the banks of the Red Sea and the Mediterranean coast. • Niger River: originating in western Africa, it is the third largest river in Africa, flowing from Guinea over 2,600y

5. Definitions • Deforestation: the destruction of trees and other vegetation.