Censorship and Ernst Barlach: the loss of free expression during and after the Nazi Regime

1. Censorship and Ernst Barlach: the loss of free expression during and after the Nazi Regime

2. Thesis Thesis and Areas of Focus Why it matters Censorship of expression is censoring free though and the liberties that most symbolize American Ideals Art like music is reflexive and a society and its most enduring symbolizes in its observational Nature Free Expression in thought intellect and art is essential quality man should always strive to obtain and keep • Thesis: that censorship of art led to the censoring of expression in the Nazi Regime and into modern times • Using Ernst Barlach’s Story • Nazi Germany 1927-1938

3. Main Points and Issues Expression Composers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcz8MUUuXak Music Like all other forms of expression was subject to the approval of the Party • Is a basic right Barlach and other “Degenerate Artist’s” were denied • Art was based on Nazi Idealism that was at the core of Hitler's own values • Degenerate Art was used as a catalyst for

4. Continued • Censorship Has a broad impact not just in the ability to express but also in the way artists made a living • Censorship while always being a problem for artists rose to new levels under the Nazi Regime

5. Pictures

6. Biography Basic Facts Career and Life Student Gewerbeschule –Hamburg Worked as a sculptor in the art nouvea style most popular from 1890-1910 Took a trip to Russia with Nickolas –brother 1919-Joined Prussian Art Academy 1925-munich Art Academy • Born January 2 1890 • Died 24 October 1938 • Born in Wedel Holstein • Johanna Luise Barlach and Dr Georg Barlach-Parents • Oldest of four other brothers

7. Works Banned and Confiscated MagdeburgerEhrenmal Hamburger Ehrenmal

8. Continued • Banned in all public spaces churches, and museums • vandalized almost destroyed many of the sculptures • Most where confiscated by the party • the remaining works were considered degenerate art • His work was displayed at the entarteteKunstExhibit

9. Censorship after Barlach Global China 2011 Shok-1 Heart Noose Mural • Several countries around the world have struggle and continue to struggle with freedom of expression • United States China Cuba East Germany Austria ETC • A few modern examples of censored art from around the world

10. Other Works Piss Christ- Serrano Andres 1987 United states Pablo Picasso Guernica Censored Outside of United Nations 2003

11. Conclusion and After Math • Modern Art did have a successful revival • Barlach's works were restored after the war • Classical Composers have public attention and admiration • Censorship of Expression remains world wide

12. Continued • Barlach died of a heart attack in 1938 • His surviving works are still on display • Degenerate art now has an ever more curious audience • the museum of censored art in Washington D.C

13. Sources • Scrutinized Art: The Many Faces of Visual Art Censorship • Erin Tapley Vol. 55, No. 6 (Nov., 2002), pp. 48-52 Published by: National Art Education Association • Art and censorship • Richard Serra Vol. 17, No. 3 (Spring, 1991), pp. 574-581 Published by: The University of Chicago Press • http://www.urbanartcore.eu/art-censorship-china-censors-heart-noose/ • Relating Controversial Contemporary art and School Art: A problem position • Carol S. Jeffers, Pat ParthVol. 38, No. 1 (Autumn, 1996), pp. 21-33 Published by: National Art Education Association • An Artist against the Third Reich: Ernst Barlach 1933-1938 • Peter Paret New York: Cambridge University Press pages 1-165 • Ernst Barlach • Carl Dietrich Carl’s New York: Frederick A. Praeger pages 1-208 • Ernst Barlach • Alfred Werner New York 1966 pages 1-176 • “Decent” vs “Degenerate” Art: The Nation al Socialist Case • Mary-Margaret Goggin Art Journal Vol. 50, No. 4, Censorship II (Winter, 1991), pp. 84-92 Published by: College Art Association