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Chapter Twelve

Chapter Twelve. Investigating Organized Crime in America and Youth Crimes. Unit 7 Assignments. Unit 7 Quiz Unit 7 discussion question Unit 7 seminar Unit 7 project paper Assignments due Jan 4 th Directions for project paper was posted and emailed to all students. Grade Update.

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Chapter Twelve

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  1. Chapter Twelve Investigating Organized Crime in America and Youth Crimes

  2. Unit 7 Assignments • Unit 7 Quiz • Unit 7 discussion question • Unit 7 seminar • Unit 7 project paper • Assignments due Jan 4th • Directions for project paper was posted and emailed to all students

  3. Grade Update • Review your grade report • Three papers are due by Jan 4th • Unit 3 project paper • Unit 5 mid term essay questions • Unit 7 project paper • I will enforce deadline for discussion question • All responses are due by Monday at midnight • Discussion questions opened on Monday Class Ends Jan 24th

  4. Policing Organized Crime • Organized crime • Any group having some manner of formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities • Oldest, most profitable, and most dangerous form of organized crime in the US is the Mafia

  5. Organized Crime • Several nationalities are involved in organized crime • Examples are the Chinese Triads, Japanese Yakuza, Russian Vorovskoy Zakon and other groups • Most commonly known is the mafia

  6. Policing Organized Crime • Origins can be traced back to 13th century Sicily • “Morte Alle Francia Italia Anela” meaning “Death to the French is Italy’s Cry” • Can anyone explain why the Italians were fighting the French and the role of mafia? • The acronym of this is MAFIA • Mafia has a formal structure

  7. Policing Organized Crime • By the 1960s the Mafia’s influence in America had grown to a multibillion-dollar syndicate of criminal enterprises run by 26 families nationwide • Beginning in the mid-1980s, the FBI led an assault on the Mafia • Put away two generations of godfathers

  8. Video Time • Watch this video and return back to class • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A694B7IYFF0&feature=fvsr • Return to the class after watching the video in You Tube • What are your reactions to the video?

  9. Policing Organized Crime How was this success obtained? • Expanded use of electronic eavesdropping (wiretapping) • Use of informants • Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) In your opinion is the mafia more of an illicit mom-and-pop operation or a real threat?

  10. Informants for Organized Crime • FBI and other agencies will work undercover to gather information • FBI also obtained the cooperation of known mafia members • Can you name some famous mafia informants? • Would this technique be useful for other organized crime groups?

  11. Policing Hate crimes • A hate crime is defined as a crime motivated by a offender’s bias against a victim’s race, religion, ethnic origin, gender, age, disability or sexual orientation • Frequently there are a combination of crimes such as property crime and a hate crime • What is the most common type of crime associated with hate crime?

  12. Policing Hate Crimes • Hate Crime Statistics Act (1990) • Forced police to collect statistics on hate crimes • Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) • Developed expertise in identifying and tracking hate-crime groups and incidents

  13. Policing Hate Crimes • Authority on hate crimes and groups • Intelligence Project • Conducts training for law enforcement • Counts 803 active hate groups in US • Include black separatist groups, Christian identity groups, the KKK, neo-Nazis, neo-Confederates, racist skinheads

  14. Policing Hate Crimes • FBI reports about 9650 hate-crime victimization each year • About 52.1% are motivated by racial-bias • About 15% are aimed at sexual orientation • About 18% religion • About 1% aimed at victim’s disability

  15. Policing Youth Crimes • About 46.3% of all persons arrested in the US are under the age of 24 • 26.2% are under 19 • Juvenile crime remains one of the nation’s most serious problems • During a recent ten-year period, juveniles ages 12 to 14 and 15 to 17 experienced average annual rates of nonfatal violence that were about 2.5 times higher than rate for adults

  16. Policing Youth Crimes • Four in five victims of nonfatal violent crime, ages 12 to 14, perceived the offender to be a juvenile • Laws enacted that make the juvenile system more punitive and easier to transfer juveniles into the adult system • Incarceration rate of 645 makes the US second only to that of Russia at 685

  17. Policing Youth Crimes • School violence and bullying • Strategies for police and citizens to help prevent school violence • Publicizing the philosophy that a gang presence will not be tolerated • Alerting students and parents about school rules and punishments

  18. Policing Youth Crimes • Creating alternative schools for students that cannot function in a regular classroom • Training parents, teachers, and school staff to identify at risk children • Developing community initiatives focused on breaking family cycles of violence • Establishing peer counseling

  19. Policing Youth Crimes • School resource officers (SROs) • Bullying • Two key components • Repeated harmful acts • An imbalance of power • Between 5 and 9 percent of students bully others with some regularity

  20. Policing Youth Crimes • SARA fights bullying in Ohio • Survey, interviews, and focus groups conducted by academics from Kent State University’s justice studies department • Geographic Information System mapped hot spots in the schools

  21. Policing Youth Crimes Four areas of concern • The environmental design of the school areas • Teachers’ knowledge and response to the problem • Parents’ attitude and responses • Students’ perceptions and behaviors

  22. Policing Youth Crimes • Assessment found the bullying incidents dropped by 60% in the hallways and 80% in the gym area • Surveys indicated positive attitudinal change among students

  23. Policing Youth Crimes • Gun violence • Overall homicide rate declined in 1980s and 1990s • Youth violence, particularly gun homicide began increasing dramatically • Research as linked urban gun violence to gang conflicts over drug markets • Operation Cease Fire

  24. Policing Youth Crimes Disorderly conduct in public places Response to the problem • Creating alternative legitimate places and activities for youth • Encouraging youth to gather where they will not disturb others • Reducing the comfort level of popular gathering places

  25. Policing Youth Crimes • Installing and monitoring closed-circuit television cameras • Establishing and enforcing rules of conduct • Denying youth anonymity by getting to know the names and faces of young people

  26. Policing Youth Crimes • Underage drinking • The average age when youth first try alcohol is 11 years for boys and 13 years for girls • Average age at which Americans begin drinking regularly is 15.9 years • Adolscents who began drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to develop alcohol dependency than those who began at 21

  27. Policing Youth Crimes • Estimated 3 million teenagers are alcoholics • Of the three leading causes of death for 15- to 24-year-olds – automobile crashes, homicides, and suicides – alcohol is a leading factor in all three

  28. Policing Youth Crimes Police responses to underage drinking • Target reduction of the community’s overall alcohol consumption • Use a comprehensive approach

  29. Goodnight • Thank you for the active participation • My AIM jminella124 • jminella@kaplan.edu • Start to participate in the discussion board…last post accepted is Monday • Class will end Jan 22nd

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