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Financial Environment: FN6411 Summer 2004 Sris Chatterjee. From WSJ, 30 April 2004. Functions of Financial System. Transferring Resources across Time and Space Managing Risk and Risk Sharing Clearing and Settling Payments Securitization Information Processing
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Financial Environment: FN6411 Summer 2004 Sris Chatterjee
Functions of Financial System • Transferring Resources across Time and Space • Managing Risk and Risk Sharing • Clearing and Settling Payments • Securitization • Information Processing • Financial Engineering and Innovations
Forms of Business Organizations • Sole Proprietorship • Partnership • Corporations • Joint Venture
Corporations • Identified as: Inc (in USA), PLC (in UK), SA (in France), SpA (in Italy), NV (in the Netherlands), AB (in Sweden), AG (in Germany) • Separation of Ownership and Management • Governance Structures and Challenges • Board of Directors: Duties and Obligations • Shareholder Rights
Goals of the Firm • Growth in Sales, EPS, Market Share, etc. • Meeting Stakeholder Demands • Maximizing Profits • Maximizing Shareholder Wealth • Based on Corporate Law • Consistent with Market Discipline • Unifies Diverse Objectives
Types of Markets • Primary Market vs. Secondary Market • Money Market vs. Capital Market • Auction Market vs. Dealer Market • Spot vs. Forward Market • Forwards and Futures • Options
Types of Investment • Common Stock • ADRs • Preferred Stock • Fixed Income/Bonds • Federal, State and Munis • Corporate • Country • Mutual Funds • Open End • Closed End • Options and Futures
Major Stock Indexes • USA DJI, SP500 • Japan Nikkei 225 • UK FT30, FT100 • Germany DAX • France CAC 40 • Global MSCI Equity
Rates of Return • Single Period • Multi Period • Arithmetic • Geometric or Time Weighted Rate of Return • Money Weighted Rate of Return
Stock Price Dynamics • Technical Analysis and Charting • Fundamental Analysis • Efficient Market Hypothesis • Random Walk Model
Major Gate-Keepers • SEC • Justice Department and FTC • FASB • Rating Agencies • Delaware Courts • Exchanges
The Dark Side of Markets • Crash of 1987 • S&L Crisis • Asian Crisis • LTCM • Dot-Com Bubble • Enron, Tyco, Global Crossing, Parmalat