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Using Pasif in Indonesian

Using Pasif in Indonesian. Object Focus Construction Vs Subject Focus Construction.

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Using Pasif in Indonesian

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  1. Using Pasif in Indonesian Object Focus Construction Vs Subject Focus Construction

  2. In Indonesian we need to distinguish between intransitive and transitive verbs – according to whether the verb requires only one or more than one noun to accompany it in order for the sentence to make sense. • Traditionally verbs are ‘doing’ words but some verbs actually describe a ‘state’ or ‘condition’ e.g. verb = to be = is, are; sick = sakit etc.

  3. Intransitive verbs need only one noun (or noun phrase) to accompany it in a sentence. This noun phrase is usually the SUBJECT • Duduk, berlari, tidur, makan, bangun are examples of intransitive verbs • Anto duduk. • Nenek berjalan. • Saya bangun pada jam 6 pagi. • Adik saya menangis.

  4. Anto duduk di kursi • Anto sits on the chair Nenek berjalan ke pasar • Granny walks to the market Ani menangis keras • Ani cries loudly Tono tidur lelap • Tono sleeps soundly.

  5. Subject focus and Object focus = in sentence constructions our attention is focused on the subject or the object of the sentence. • Sometimes called Active or Passive • A SUBJECT = doer, actor or agent of action • An OBJECT = s.o. or s.t. that is affected by the action performed by subject

  6. Lets look at Pasif # 1

  7. Subject-Focus • Subject comes before the verb & object • Subject is followed by me-verb transitive verb • May be an auxillary verb before main verb • Object follows the verb directly Nina membaca buku ini Subject Verb Object Nina reads a book

  8. Nina membaca buku ini – Subject-Focus • To change a sentence from subject focus sentence (Aktif) to an object focus sentence (Pasif) we follow these rules. i)First identify the verb - membaca ii) Ask the question Who/what did the action (of verb) – • Quest: Who/what membaca (read) ? • Answer: Nina. • Nina is the subject

  9. iii) Now we identify the object in the sentence by asking • Quest: .Nina read who or what ? • Answer: a book – the object of the sentence is ‘a book’ • Nina membaca buku ini • Subject verb Object • Nina read this book.

  10. Change into Object-Focus or Pasif# 1 Follow these rules: i) Move Object to front of sentence ii) Add Di~ to verb (remove any prefixes e.g. me~ so only base word with suffixes is left) iii) Oleh is optional but it sounds better iv) Put Subject after di~ verb Buku ini dibaca oleh Nina • Object di- verb (optional) Subject This book was readby Nina.

  11. Ayo ! Cobalah ini ! • Kami merayakan Hari Natal di rumahku. • Orangtua menyewa ‘jumping castle’ bagi pesta HUTku. • Mereka akan mengundang teman-teman ke pesta besok pagi.

  12. Tamu-tamu membawa hadiah HUT ke pesta. • Kaum Kristen merayakan Hari Paskah dengan empat hari liburan di Australia. • Ibuku memasak sarapan untuk keluargaku pagi ini.

  13. Doktormemeriksapasien • Subject verb object • To make our sentences a little more interesting we can insert • Auxillary verbs (sudah, mau, harusetc) • Adverbs (pelan-pelan – slowly) • Prepostional phrases (di rumah – at home) Doktoryang mudaharusmemeriksapasienyang sakitsekali di rumahnyapagiini.

  14. Sampai Di SiniSaja!

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