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Chapter 2 Matter and Change

Chapter 2 Matter and Change. Matter. makes up our visible universe has mass and volume describing matter extensive properties : depends on the amount of matter in a sample volume and mass intensive properties depends on the type of matter, NOT the amount

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Chapter 2 Matter and Change

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  1. Chapter 2Matter and Change

  2. Matter • makes up our visible universe • has mass and volume • describing matter • extensive properties: • depends on the amount of matter in a sample • volume and mass • intensive properties • depends on the type of matter, NOT the amount • hardness, boiling/melting point, density… • classifying matter

  3. Matter Are all the particles alike? YES NO Pure Substance Mixture Are the particles one kind of atom? Are the particles well-mixed and mixed evenly? YES NO YES NO Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture Element (110+) Compound (millions) Is one substance dissolved in another? YES NO Solution Colloid

  4. ?

  5. separating mixtures • differences in physical properties can be used to separate matter • filtration – separates a solid from liquid in a heterogeneous mixture • distillation– boil liquid to a • vapor than then condenses • back to a liquid somewhere • else

  6. Properties of Matter • Physical properties • characteristics that can be easily observed without changing the substance that help identify it • example: mass, volume, color, melting point, boiling point, shape, texture, hardness… • Physical change • simply change a physical property without changing what it is • can be reversible or irreversible • example: ripping and folding paper, melting, sanding something, breaking it in half…

  7. Chemical properties • describe a substance’s ability to change into a different substance • hard to observe and only becomes visible during a chemical reaction. • examples: flammability, chemically reactive • Chemical change (chemical reaction) • the actual process of changing a substance into something new • often transfer of energy, color change, production of gas or formation of a precipitate (solid that forms and settles out of a liquid) • example: burning, rusting, mixing chemicals that react…

  8. Physical vs. Chemical Properties Test

  9. conservation of mass • during any chemical reaction, the mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the reactants

  10. States of matter • Solids • Liquids • Gases

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