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A+ Certification Guide

A+ Certification Guide. Chapter 1 Technician Essentials and PC Anatomy. Chapter 1 Objectives. The Essential Parts of Any Computer: The vital components of a PC —an overview Hardware, Software, and Firmware:

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A+ Certification Guide

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  1. A+ Certification Guide Chapter 1 Technician Essentials and PC Anatomy

  2. Chapter 1 Objectives • The Essential Parts of Any Computer: • The vital components of a PC—an overview • Hardware, Software, and Firmware: • Explain how hardware, software, and firmware interact, and define the major types of software and utility programs. • Points of Failure: • Learn about possible issues that could cause the computer to fail—for example, overheating, hard drive failure, or loose adapter cards. • The CompTIA Six-Step Troubleshooting Process • PC Tools: • Demonstrate how to assemble/disassemble the computer safely. • Resources to prepare for the exam: • Websites and exam resources.

  3. Essential Parts of a Computer • Storage devices • Motherboards • Power supplies • Processors/CPUs • Memory • Display devices • Input, multimedia, and biometric devices • Adapter cards • Ports and cables • Cooling systems

  4. Front Side of PC

  5. What Are All Those Connections and Lights For?

  6. Motherboard Components

  7. Example: A Laptop PC Side View Figure 1-4 01fig04 Illustration: Please add callouts as indicated and initial-cap Proprietary.

  8. Example: A Laptop PC side view Figure 1-5 01fig05 Illustration: Please add callouts as indicated remove hyphen and space for DVD multioptical drive.

  9. Points of Failure • Overheating: • Failure of the fans in the power supply or those attached to the processor, northbridge chip, or video card can cause overheating. • Loose peripheral card: • A loose add-on card might not be detected by plug-and-play or might have intermittent failures after installation. • Inability to start the computer: • Loose processor/memory module can prevent the computer from starting. • Drive failures: • Improperly connected power or data cables, or improperly configured jumper blocks, will not work properly. • Front panel failures: • Cables connecting the case switch, reset switch, and status lights. • Battery failure • BIOS chip failure

  10. Hardware, Software, and Firmware • Hardware: • Components that can generally be touched or seen. • Often a source of failure: • Loose connections • Physical damage • Electrical damage (electrostatic, voltage spikes/surges) • Incompatibility of devices with other devices • Software: • Drivers used to control the hardware • Applications used to generate user data • Protocols to transmit data over the network • Internal/external commands to control the system

  11. The CompTIA Six-Step Troubleshooting Process

  12. Tools: Working Inside the PC Opening the Case: • Different manufacturers have different case access mechanisms. • Protect your system against electrostatic discharge (ESD). Common Tasks: • Connecting internal and external data cables. • Recheck periodically; can work loose over time. • Installing a PCI card (for example, video or sound card). • Replacing the power supply. • Replacing the hard drive. • Replacing the CD-ROM/DVD-ROM. • Upgrading memory. • Installing a USB support.

  13. Basic Tools for Assembly/Disassembly of Computers Illustration: This is a pick up of Figure 1-1 from "CompTIA A+ 220-701 and 220-702 Cert Guide“ 2e (ISBN: 978-0-7897-4790-7). Figure 1-7 01fig07

  14. Figure 1-8 Illustration: This is a pick up of Figure 2-6 from "CompTIA A+ 220-701 and 220-702 Cert Guide“ 2e (ISBN: 978-0-7897-4790-7).

  15. System and Testing Tools • Multimeter: • AC/DC voltage • Ohms • Amperage • Power Supply Tester: • Can save a motherboard from being ruined by a bad power supply • Loopback plugs: • Serial, network, and USB port testing

  16. Network Testing Tools • Cable tester • Punch-down tool • Loopback plugs • Toner probes • Wire strippers • Crimper

  17. What Have You Learned? • Name four common hardware failures. • How does the CPU receive data? • What device has the IRQ with the highest priority? • Why is it important to use ESD precaution? • What is a resource conflict? • How is software different from firmware?

  18. Exercise • Activity 2.2: The motherboard and CPU.

  19. Chapter 1Summary • Essential Parts of a Computer: • Motherboards, CPUs, video cards, and how to identify them. • Hardware, Software, and Firmware • Points of Failure: • Issues that could cause the computer to fail—for example, overheating, hard drive failure, or loose adapter cards. • Six-Step CompTIA Troubleshooting Process • Working Inside Your PC: • How to assemble/disassemble the computer safely. Next Lesson: Chapter 2

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