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Luke 15:11-32. Parable of the…. Prodigal Son Rembrandt . 15:1 – The tax collectors and sinners were all drawing near to listen to him… Pharisees and scribes began to complain “This man welcomes sinners and eats with them” So to them he addressed this parable Parable of the lost sheep
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Luke 15:11-32 Parable of the….
15:1 – The tax collectors and sinners were all drawing near to listen to him… • Pharisees and scribes began to complain • “This man welcomes sinners and eats with them” • So to them he addressed this parable • Parable of the lost sheep • Parable of the lost coin Immediately before…
Lost and found • Family dynamics • Younger brother • Cain and Abel • Cain – Farmer • Abel – Shepherd • Cain said to his brother Abel, "Let's go out to the field.” And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him. • Ishmael and Isaac • Esau and Jacob (Israel) • Older brothers and Joseph Parables are familiar
Divided up in marriage • Given as inheritance • First born son entitled to larger portion • Probably 1/3 • Father divided up his life (bios) Request of the younger
Converts inheritance to cash • ἀσώτως (asōtōs) – lived a life of dissipation • Ephesians 5:18 -And do not get drunk on wine, in which lies debauchery, but be filled with the Spirit • Titus 1:6 - on condition that a man be blameless, married only once, with believing children who are not accused of licentiousnessor rebellious • 1 Peter 4:3 – 4 - For the time that has passed is sufficient for doing what the Gentiles like to do: living in debauchery, evil desires, drunkenness, orgies, carousing, and wanton idolatry.They are surprised that you do not plunge into the same swamp of profligacy, and they vilify you; And he’s off!
Any animal that has hoofs you may eat, provided it is cloven-footed and chews the cud.But you shall not eatany of the following from among those that only chew the cud or only have hoofs: the camel, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you;the rock hyrax, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you;the hare, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you; and the pig,which does indeed have hoofs and is cloven-footed, but does not chew the cud and is therefore unclean for you. You shall not eat their meat, and you shall not touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you. No pigs allowed – Lev 11:7 also Deuteronomy 14:8
Came to himself • Arises • Goes to Father • “Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. I no longer deserve to be called your son; treat me as you would treat one of your hired workers.” Returns to father
Address – Father • Confession – I have sinned against heaven and against you • Contrition – I am no longer deserve to be called your son • Petition – treat me as you would treat one of your hired workers (misthioi) The son’s speech
He shouldn’t have • Looks undignified (dishonorable) • First to see son • What would others have done? • cf Genesis 33:4 - Esau ran to meet him, embraced him, and flinging himself on his neck, kissed him as he wept. Why did he run?
What part did son not say? • Bring him the prōtos (best/first) robe • Best robe he had? • First robe the son had? • Ring on his finger • Signet ring • Shoes on his feet • Sign of his sonship • Servants went barefoot • Kill fattened calf • Meat was for special occasions Speech interrupted
Confused and then annoyed, refusing to party • Father comes out to get him • Look! • I have served (douleuo) you and never disobeyed • Douleuo – to be a slave Mt 6:24; Ga 4:9; Ro 12:11 • Misthios - hired worker • Never gave me anything The elder brother
Restore relationship – Son, your brother • Defend himself – everything I have is yours • Justify celebration – he was dead and has come to life • Zeph 3:17 - The LORD, your God, is in your midst, a mighty savior, Who will rejoice over you with gladness, and renew you in his love, Who will sing joyfully because of you,as on festival days. I will remove disaster from among you, so that no one may recount your disgrace. Father’s response
Who is the elder brother? • Who is the younger brother? • Who is the father? Thoughts?