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Pronouns. Mrs. Wright. Pronouns. Four types: Doers Receivers Owners Selfish. The Doers. These are the subject pronouns I He She It You We They. Use “doer” words when…. It is the subject of the sentence Example: Mary and I went to the school play. After the being words
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Pronouns Mrs. Wright
Pronouns • Four types: • Doers • Receivers • Owners • Selfish
The Doers • These are the subject pronouns • I • He • She • It • You • We • They
Use “doer” words when… • It is the subject of the sentence • Example: • Mary and I went to the school play • After the being words • Am, is, are, was, were, be, been • Example: • This is he • ** this rule is formal**
The Receivers • These are the object pronouns • Me • Him • Her • It • You • Us • Them
Use “receiver” words… • After action words (verbs) • Example: • Give me the answer • After prepositions • Of, to, in, for, beneath, on, against • Example: • This gift is for her
The Owners • These are possessive pronouns • My • Mine • His • Her • Hers • Its • Your • Yours • Our • Ours • Their • Theirs
Use “owner” words… • To show ownership • Example: • The book is mine • My book is over there
The Selfish • These are the reflexive pronouns • They all end with “self” or “selves” • Myself • Yourself • Himself • Herself • Itself • Ourselves • Yourselves • Themselves
Use “selfish” words… • To stress or emphasize who did it • Example: • She made the cake all by herself (no one helped her) • To refer to the subject • Example: • Sue saved the last piece of chocolate for herself (not for me)
Three Problems with Pronouns Pronoun agreement Unclear reference No reference
Pronoun Agreement Must agree with their references If the reference is singular, (only one) the pronoun must be singular If the reference is plural, (more than one) the pronoun must be plural
Pronoun Agreement Examples • Example #1 • Each student should bring their novel to class today • Student = singular • Their = plural • Corrected: • Each student should bring his or her novel to class • Must use both genders to be politically correct • OR make it plural: • Students should bring their novels to class
Unclear Reference Be careful if there are two references • Example: • He said he was angry • Is he talking about himself or someone else? • How can I fix it? • Rephrase the sentence • John said he was angry
Unclear Reference • Example #2 • After the secretaries left the offices, the janitors cleaned them • (Cleaned the secretaries? Oh no!) • Better: • The janitors cleaned the offices after the secretaries left.
No Reference This is a very common mistake • Example #1: • It means so much to me • What means so much?
No Reference • Example #2 • I have not been getting along with my coworkers, which is why I am leaving. • What does which refer to? • Solution: • Rewrite the sentence • Better: • I am leaving because I have not been getting along with my coworkers • The reason I am leaving is I have not been getting along with my coworkers