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The Future of Public Transport – In Pursuit of Zero Emissions Jaimie Levin

The Future of Public Transport – In Pursuit of Zero Emissions Jaimie Levin. AC Transit. Serving 1.5 million people in 13 cities 67 million passengers 650 buses 2,190 employees $309 million budget 105 lines (27 transbay). Addicted to Oil*.

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The Future of Public Transport – In Pursuit of Zero Emissions Jaimie Levin

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  1. The Future of Public Transport – In Pursuit of Zero Emissions Jaimie Levin

  2. AC Transit • Serving1.5 million peoplein 13 cities • 67 million passengers • 650 buses • 2,190 employees • $309 million budget • 105 lines (27 transbay)

  3. Addicted to Oil* • Less than 5% of Population Consumes 25% of World Oil • 25% to 30% of World’s Carbon Emissions • Import 60% of The Oil We Consume • 67% Consumed by Transportation • [Sources: * George Bush/ Data: U.S. DOE; Energy Information Agency]

  4. United States VMT Growth

  5. Bay Area Transit Market Share Total Person Trips/Weekday Total Auto Person Trips/Weekday Total Transit Person Trips/Weekday Source: SF Bay Area MTC

  6. Travel-to-Work Market Share Source: U.S. Census Journey to Work: 2000

  7. Getting Started with Hydrogen • ZEbus Test – November 1999 • NeBus Test – 2000 • California Fuel Cell Partnership – 2000 • ISE/UTC Thor Bus – 2003/2004

  8. What’s A Fuel Cell? • An electrical generator • NOT a battery • A chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen • Emits only water vapor and heat • 120 kW to 200 kW of output

  9. Opening Dedication – March 13, 2006

  10. 26 Partners – $21 Million

  11. What Motivates Us? • Public Health: urban centers/people at risk • Quality of Life: quiet buses • Cost Savings: Reduced life cycle costs Hydrogen’s Potential Value – • Sustainability: Diversified and RenewableEnergy Supply • Energy Independence (National Security) • Reduction inGlobal Warming

  12. Why Transit? • The Real World vs. Super Computer Unlimited Variables • Government as Early Adopter and Change Agent (R&D; Tech Validation) • Centralized Fueling and Maintenance • Professionally Trained Staff • Public Exposure • Energy Benefits of Using Transit

  13. Our Customers • 200,000 Passengers • 500,000 @ Events • Clean • Quiet • Smooth

  14. 18 Line UC Campus 2.5 mile grade at approximately 5% Berkeley Albany Oakland

  15. Emissions Reduction – 3 Buses • 316Tons of CO2 (40% – 50% Net Reduction, Well-to-Wheel) • 3,330Pounds of NOx • 40 Pounds of Particulates • 21,000 gallons of diesel saved

  16. Performance

  17. Next-Generation Design – 2009 • Several Thousands Pounds Lighter • Better Energy Storage • Lower profile • 55 mph • 12% Grade • 8 to 12 Buses • $2.2 Million

  18. Fuel Cell Cars • 9 Hyundai Tucson/Kia Sportage SUVs • Operated by AC Transit Road Supervisors (150 mi/day)

  19. Fuel Cell Flashlights

  20. Oakland Energy Station • Made from Natural Gas • 150 kg/day; 366 kg Storage • Solar Offsets • 20,191 kg to date

  21. Solar Power – 775,500 kWh/Yr Steam Reformer • 273,000 kWh/Yr Seminary Avenue BART Solar Panels

  22. Advanced Demo – $37M • SF Bay Region ($27M) • State of California ($4M) • Federal ($3.5M) • Regional Air District ($2M)

  23. Bay Area • 5 Transit Agencies(>2,500 vehicles) • 12 New Buses in 2009 • Expanded Fueling(360 kg/day) • Shared Service

  24. Evaluation • In Partnership with NREL, DOE, FTA • Ongoing study • Compared to Control Fleet of Diesel/CNG Buses

  25. Outreach/Training • Employee Training(400 Drivers; 176 Mechanics) • 1st Responder Training (400) • Community Outreach (8,500)

  26. Education • HyTEC Curriculum DOE: $350,000 1stAC Transit: $130,000 2nd AC Transit: $300,000 • Conference/Learning Center Chevron: $380,000

  27. High School Education

  28. Commercialization Thresholds • Performance (Reliability and Durability) • Cost (CapEx and Life Cycle) • Packaging (Weight – 8,200 lb delta, and size) • Fuel (Purity, Cost, Speed, STORAGE)

  29. Richmond – Electrolysis De-commissioned 1/4/08 Fuel – #1 Challenge Potential Satellite – Emeryville (150 kg) Oakland Reformer – Upgrade (from150 kgto 300 kg) Potential Satellite – Hayward

  30. Government Role • Early Adopters – Fund Advanced Demonstrations in Support of Technology Validation • Support Evaluation and Education • Bridge the Funding Gap in Support of Deployment • $49 MM Over Four Years – Not Enough • Re-authorization of Transportation Bill

  31. www.actransit.org/environment

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