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Russian Revolution and Russia under Stalin

Russian Revolution and Russia under Stalin. Warm Up: What is Revolution?. Left Page Copy the Timeline on Pages 386-387 Right Page Read the scenarios on page 388 and answer the questions in purple. Problems in Russia: Leaders.

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Russian Revolution and Russia under Stalin

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  1. Russian Revolution and Russia under Stalin

  2. Warm Up: What is Revolution? • Left Page Copy the Timeline on Pages 386-387 • Right Page Read the scenarios on page 388 and answer the questions in purple

  3. Problems in Russia: Leaders • Alexander III (r.1881 – 1894) stopped reform in Russia and returned Russia to strict central authority • Censorship codes on writing • Secret police • Oppression of nationalist groups in Russia • Pogroms- organized violence against Jews • Nicholas II continued these policies

  4. Problem #2: Economy • Russian economy was behind western European economies • Sergey Witte (economic minister) helped economic growth and built the Trans-Siberian Railway • Rapid industrialization leads to growing gap between rich and poor and calls for change by workers

  5. Change: The Bolsheviks • Bolsheviks = Russian Marxists • Bolsheviks wanted workers to overthrow the Tsar • Vladimir IlyichUlyanov (Lenin) = Leader of Bolsheviks • Lenin disliked by Tsars, so he fled to western Europe until he could safely return to Russia

  6. Revolution of 1905: Bloody Sunday • Workers demand change • 500-1,000 people killed by the government • Nicholas creates the Duma (Russian parliament)

  7. World War I • Russia not equipped to be successful in a war against western Europe because it was behind economically and militarily • High Russian deaths in WWI • Rasputin (religious leader) has political influence and is murdered by government officials

  8. March Revolution • March 1917- workers protest the war and factory conditions • Nicholas abdicates (gives up) the throne • Alexander Kerensky leads the government and continues Russia’s involvement in the war • Soviets (local councils) established all over Russia • Lenin returns to Russia in April 1917

  9. Bolshevik Revolution • November 1917 Bolshevik Red Guards take over the government • Lenin in power • Gives land to peasants and factories to workers • Signs a truce with Germany (Treaty of Brest-Litovsk) where Russia lost a lot of territory

  10. Civil War in Russia 1918-1920 • 15 million Russians killed • Red Army crushes opposition to Bolshevik rule

  11. Lenin’s Policies • New Economic Policy – creates a combination of communist and capitalist economy • Political changes: • 1922- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) • Renamed Bolsheviks to Communist Party • By 1928 Russia was recovering but he died in 1924 from natural causes and Stalin comes to power

  12. Stalin= Steel • Stalin builds a totalitarian state where he has ultimate control over everything • There is no more freedom or worth of the individual • This is similar to Hitler and Mussolini • Sets up a command economy (government control) • 5-year economic plans help Russian economy and speed up industrialization • Collective farms (government owned and controlled) established to increase food production • Kulaks (wealthy peasants) resisted but they were killed

  13. Totalitarianism • Police Terror (example: Great Purge kills 8-13 million people who were against Stalin) • Propaganda and indoctrination- government makes people believe its way is the only way • Censorship- no one can publish anything against the government • Religious persecution

  14. Any good parts of Stalinism? • Women were highly educated and played a large role in the economy • All people were very well educated (but education was directed by the Communist Government)

  15. Video Questions

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