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Flying Free Comments on Craig W. Reynolds’ Flocks, Herds, and Schools: A Distributed Behavioral Model Cailin K. Andruss Virginia Commonwealth University NSF BBSI Program 2005 - 2006. Example. Example. 100. Example. 100. Example. 100. Example. 100. Example. 100. Example. 100. 200.
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Flying FreeComments on Craig W. Reynolds’Flocks, Herds, and Schools: A Distributed Behavioral ModelCailin K. AndrussVirginia Commonwealth UniversityNSF BBSI Program 2005 - 2006
Example 100
Example 100
Example 100
Example 100
Example 100
Example 100 200
Example 100 200
Can a flock of birds be modeled without individually programming each bird’s path?
Natural Flocking • Millions of herring can travel in schools spanning 17 miles just as easily as a dozen birds can form a flock for a brief flight. • If flocking ability is independent of flock size, how do the flocks coordinate?
The Secret: The Neighborhood Based on a Diagram by Craig Reynolds
Acceleration Requests • Collision Avoidance: Stay clear
Acceleration Requests • Collision Avoidance: Stay clear • Velocity Matching: Stay on track
Acceleration Requests • Collision Avoidance: Stay clear • Velocity Matching: Stay on track • Flock Centering: Stay close Diagrams by Craig Reynolds
The Brick Wall • Prioritize the acceleration requests. • Set a maximum acceleration. • Allow acceleration up to the maximum with the highest priority request getting first dibs.
The Brick Wall • Prioritize the acceleration requests. • Set a maximum acceleration. • Allow acceleration up to the maximum with the highest priority request getting first dibs.
The Brick Wall • Prioritize the acceleration requests. • Set a maximum acceleration. • Allow acceleration up to the maximum with the highest priority request getting first dibs.
The Result (click here for movie)
Take Home Message • The secret: Limit vision of boid to neighborhood • Boids follow three rules: 1. Collision avoidance 2. Velocity matching 3. Flock centering • More urgent rules receive priority
Application to VPP • The Virtual Parasite Project uses swarming to model parasite activity. • The accuracy of theories about their activity can be tested. • Experiments can be performed more quickly in silico than in vitro.
References Reynolds, C. W. (1987) Flocks, Herds, and Schools: A Distributed Behavioral Model, in Computer Graphics, 21(4) (SIGGRAPH '87 Conference Proceedings) p. 25-34. Acceleration Request diagrams from Craig Reynold’s Boid’s Page: http://www.red3d.com/cwr/boids/ Thanks to Jeff Elhai for help with dewordification