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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Transnationalism: The Alternative Orientation. The Origins and Impact of Transnationalism. Transnationalism: Phenomena that connect humans across nations and boundaries. Sources of transnationalism Global interaction Human thought. Transnational Interaction.

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Transnationalism: The Alternative Orientation

  2. The Origins and Impact of Transnationalism

  3. Transnationalism: Phenomena that connect humans across nations and boundaries • Sources of transnationalism • Global interaction • Human thought

  4. Transnational Interaction • Scope and level will continue to expand

  5. Transnational Economics • Economic interdependence • Affects each of us directly • Promotes global/cultural familiarity through trade

  6. Transnational Communications • Promotes common culture • Familiarity with distant people • Effects of modern technology • Undermines authoritarian governments • Distant events become realities through media

  7. Transnational Transportation • Promotes familiarity • Trade • Tourism

  8. Transnational organizations • Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) • Increasing number • Disenchantment with existing political organizations

  9. NGOs and transnationalism • Advance many causes • Women's issues • Facilitate networks of contacts and interaction • Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) • Fourth UN World Conference on Women (WCW) • Pressure governments to support their causes • Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO)

  10. Transnational Women's Movement

  11. Gender Issues • Socioeconomic and political gender equality does not exist

  12. Transnational Women's Movement: Philosophy and Goals • Diverse movement • Beijing + 5 Conference

  13. Women are underrepresented in world politics • Conceptual differences between male and female points of view • Differing views of politics • Peace • Security • Agenda for change • Increase women's political participation • Improve women's reality • Education: Impact of women's illiteracy on entire society

  14. Transnational Women's Movement: Programs and Progress • Global conferences • UN Conference on Population and Development (UNCPD) • Fourth World Conference on Women (WCW)

  15. Impact • Cultural differences among women narrowing • Advancement of women in politics

  16. Transnational Religion

  17. Religion and World Politics • Ancient force in international politics • Humanistic • Source of bloody conflict, subjugation of peoples • Crusades, Thirty Years' War, imperial era, Israel, India/Pakistan, Yugoslavia, Ireland • Exerts influence through IGOs and NGOs • Roman Catholic Church

  18. The Strength of Religious Fundamentalism

  19. Fundamentalism: Conservative religious values incorporated into secular political activities • Some believe religious affiliation should be political and supersede patriotism • Link between religious fundamentalism and nationalism • India: Hindu party

  20. Transnational Culture • The Culture of McWorld • Macrolevel approach • Common culture • Language • Modern communications • Consumer products

  21. Resistance to common culture • Cultural pride • Protectionism: France

  22. The Culture of Jihad • Conflict along cultural lines • Samuel P. Huntington: The clash of civilizations • Eurocentrism • Rwanda • Kosovo • Racism, ethnic and religious intolerance-- Serbs • Siege mentality in West

  23. Transnationalism Tomorrow • Common culture versus nationalism

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