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Half-Metallic Single Crystal CrO 2 Films (JHU MRSEC). Density of states. NM metal P = 0 . FM metal 0 < P < 1. Half Metal P = 1. Spintronic effects & devices depend directly on spin polarization P. (e.g., Cu) (e.g., Co) the ultimate. high R . low R. high R .
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Half-Metallic Single Crystal CrO2 Films (JHU MRSEC) Density of states NM metal P = 0 FM metal 0 < P < 1 Half Metal P = 1 Spintronic effects & devices depend directly on spin polarization P (e.g., Cu) (e.g., Co) the ultimate
high R low R high R low R Spintronic effects & devices GMR Spin-valve GMR read-head MRAM TMR
Half Metallic Ferromagnets The ultimate spin-polarized material Band structure of CrO2 • A single spin band • 100% spin polarized • Integer magnetic moment/unit cell • M = µB (nmajority - nminority) • nmajority + nminority = integer • nmajority = integer • nmajority - nminority = integer • CrO2 (2 µB/unit cell) Crystal lattice of CrO2
Single Crystal [100] CrO2 Films by CVD Point Contact Andreev Reflection • In ballistic (Sharvin) limit • l > a • Mean free path contact size CrO2 (P = 98.4%) is half metallic ! Ji, Strijkers, Yang, Chien, Byers, Anguelouch, Xiao, and Gupta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5585 (2001). Anguelouch, Gupta, Xiao, Abraham, Ji, Ingvarsson, and Chien, Phys. Rev. B 64, 180408(R) (2001).
Significance of Half-Metallic Ferromagnets • Ultimate magnetic tunnel junctions: infinite TMR Conducting Insulating • Perfect spin injector for semiconductors and metals • Physics of a single spin band