You need…

1. You need… • 3 colored pencils or markers: Red Blue Yellow • Your periodic table of elements

2. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

3. Name: Patty Proton Description: Positive Favorite Activity: Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade Name: Nelda Neutron Description: Neutral Favorite Activity: Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table In the center of Matterville, there is a place called the Nucleus Arcade, where two members of the Atoms Family like to hang out. Perky Patty Proton, like her sisters, is quite large with a huge smile and eyes that sparkle (+). Patty is always happy and has a very positive personality. Nerdy Nelda Neutron is large like Patty, but she has a boring, flat mouth and eyes with zero expression (o). Her family is very apathetic and neutral about everything. Patty, Nelda, and their sisters spend all their time at the arcade.

4. Name: Elliott Electron Description: Negative Favorite Activity: Racing around the arcade Around the Nucleus Arcade, you will find a series of roadways that are used by another member of the Atoms Family, Enraged Elliott Electron. Elliott races madly around the Arcade on his bright red chrome-plated Harley-Davidson. He rides so fast that no one can be sure where he is at any time. Elliott is much smaller than Patty and Nelda and he is always angry because these bigger relatives will not let him in the Arcade. He has a frown on his face, eyes that are squinted with anger, and a very negative (-) attitude.

5. Energy Superhighway Can hold 18 electrons Energy Freeway Can hold 8 electrons Nucleus ArcadeContains protons & neutrons Energy Street Can hold 2 electrons The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers. The second energy street, called the Energy Freeway, can hold 8 brothers. The third energy street, called the Energy Superhighway, can hold 18 of the brothers. Matterville

6. The morale of Matterville is stable as long as each negative Electron brother is balanced out by one positive Proton sister. The number of residents in Matterville depends on the Proton and Neutron families. Challenge: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron was kidnapped?

7. The Atom

8. Part A: How big is an atom? Let’s investigate the world of the very small by cutting a 28 centimeter strip of paper in half as many times as you can. If you can cut the strip of paper in half 31 times you will end up with a piece of paper the size of an atom!

9. Part A: How big is an atom? What you will do: • Take your strip of paper and cut it into equal halves. • Cut one of the remaining pieces of paper into equal halves. • Continue to cut the strip into equal halves as many times as you can. • Make all cuts parallel to the first one. When the width gets longer than the length, you may cut off the excess, but that does not count as a cut.

10. Part A: How big is an atom? How far did you get? _______ cuts What is that equal to?

11. Cut 1: Child's hand, pockets Cut 2: Fingers, ears, toes Cut 3: Watch, mushroom, eye Cut 4: Keyboard keys, rings, insects Cut 6: Poppy seeds Cut 8: Thread. Congratulations if you’re still in! Cut 10: Still cutting? Most have quit by now!! Cut 12: Microscopic range, human hair Cut 14: Width of paper, microchip components Cut 18: Water purification openings, bacteria Cut 19: Visible light waves Cut 24: Electron microscope range Cut 31: The size of an Atom!

12. Here are some comparisons to think about!

13. Part B: The Smallest Part of Matter You need 3 colored pencils… • Red • Blue • Yellow

14. All matter is made of very tiny particles. These particles keep the same characteristics or properties that the matter has. These particles are called atoms. All atoms are about the same size and they are VERY tiny. An atom is more than one million times smaller than the thickness of a single hair on your head. It would take billions of atoms just to make up the period after the end of this sentence.

15. Because atoms are so small, scientists have never really been able to see them. Using very powerful microscopes, scientists have been able to see evidence of atoms and how they behave. From these observations, they have developed a model of what they believe atoms look like. The most recent model is known as the Electron Cloud model.

16. A. Proton Positive charge Heavy particle Lives in the nucleus + + +

17. B. Neutron No charge Lives in nucleus + + +

18. C. Nucleus Protons and Neutrons Mass of the atom + + +

19. D. Electron Negative Charge Very light Lives in shells Moves fast + + +

20. What element does this atom model represent?

22. Just how small is an atom?

23. You need 4 colored pencils or markers… • Red • Blue • Yellow • Green • Your periodic table of elements

24. Dogs Teaching Chemistry!

25. Part C: Atomic Structure • Draw five protonsin the nucleus • of the atom. Label them with their • charge. • 2. Draw six neutrons in the nucleus • of the atom. • Draw TWOelectrons in the first • energy level and label them with • their charge. • Draw THREEelectrons in the • second energy level and label • them with their charge. • What element is represented by • the diagram? BORON

26. Part D: Atomic Calculations Find Sodium on your periodic table: _____ _____ Sodium _____ # of _______________ and # of _______________ _______________ + _______________

27. Part D: Atomic Calculations Find Sodium on your periodic table: 11 Na Sodium 23 # of _______________ and # of _______________ Atomic Number Symbol Element Name _______________ + _______________ Atomic Mass

28. Part D: Atomic Calculations Find Sodium on your periodic table: PE 11 Na Sodium 23 # of PROTONS and # of ELECTRONS Atomic Number Symbol Atomic Number PROTONS+ NEUTRONS Atomic Mass

29. Part E: We can use this information to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of each element. Atomic Number: _____ Atomic Mass: _____ # P _____ # N _____ # E _____ 11 Na Sodium 23

30. Part E: We can use this information to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of each element. PE Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Mass: 23 # P 11 # N 12 # E 11 11 Na Sodium 23 11 P 12 N

31. Part E: We can use this information to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of each element. Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Mass: 23 # P 11 # N 12 # E 11 Electrons live in shells: 1st = ______ 2nd = ______ 3rd = ______ 11 P 12 N

32. Part E: We can use this information to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of each element. Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Mass: 23 # P 11 # N 12 # E 11 Electrons live in shells: 1st = 2 2nd = 8 3rd = 18 11 P 12 N Bohr Model A. Name an element that has larger atoms than sodium. ________________________ B. Name an element that has smaller atoms that sodium. ________________________

33. Atomic Math Challenge 11 Na Sodium 23 Atomic Number Atomic number equals the number of PROTONS and ELECTRONS Atomic mass equals the number of PROTONS + NEUTRONS Symbol Element Name Atomic Mass Determine if the element is a metal, nonmetal or metalloid. Use blue to represent metals, yellow to represent nonmetals and green to represent metalloids.

34. Let’s Try It! 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = _____ Atomic Mass= _____ # of Protons = ______ # of Neutrons = ______ # of Electrons = ______

35. Let’s Try It! PE 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = 8 Atomic Mass= 16 # of Protons = 8 # of Neutrons = 8 # of Electrons = 8 bottom - top

36. Is oxygen a metal, nonmetal or metalloid? 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = 8 Atomic Mass= 16 # of Protons = 8 # of Neutrons = 8 # of Electrons = 8 NONMETAL!

37. Determine if the element is a metal, nonmetal or metalloid. Use blue to represent metals, yellow to represent nonmetals and green to represent metalloids. 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = 8 Atomic Mass= 16 # of Protons = 8 # of Neutrons = 8 # of Electrons = 8

38. Determine if the element is a metal, nonmetal or metalloid. Use blue to represent metals, yellow to represent nonmetals and green to represent metalloids. 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = 8 Atomic Mass= 16 # of Protons = 8 # of Neutrons = 8 # of Electrons = 8 Homework Complete the Atomic Math Challenge. Use colored pencils or markers to color in each element square.

39. Atomic Math Challenge 8 O Oxygen 16 Atomic # = 8 Atomic Mass= 16 # of Protons = 8 # of Neutrons = 8 # of Electrons = 8

40. Atomic Math Challenge 30 Zn Zinc 65 Atomic # = 30 Atomic Mass= 65 # of Protons = 30 # of Neutrons = 35 # of Electrons = 30

41. Atomic Math Challenge 3 Li Lithium 7 Atomic # = 3 Atomic Mass= 7 # of Protons = 3 # of Neutrons = 4 # of Electrons = 3

42. Atomic Math Challenge 14 Si Silicon 28 Atomic # = 14 Atomic Mass= 28 # of Protons = 14 # of Neutrons = 14 # of Electrons = 14

43. Atomic Math Challenge 5 B Boron 11 Atomic # = 5 Atomic Mass= 11 # of Protons = 5 # of Neutrons = 6 # of Electrons = 5

44. Atomic Math Challenge 35 Br Bromine 80 Atomic # = 35 Atomic Mass= 80 # of Protons = 35 # of Neutrons = 45 # of Electrons = 35

45. Atomic Math Challenge 16 S Sulfur 32 Atomic # = 16 Atomic Mass= 32 # of Protons = 16 # of Neutrons = 16 # of Electrons = 16

46. Atomic Math Challenge 53 I Iodine 127 Atomic # = 53 Atomic Mass= 127 # of Protons = 53 # of Neutrons = 74 # of Electrons = 53

47. Atomic Math Challenge 25 Mn Manganese 55 Atomic # = 25 Atomic Mass= 55 # of Protons = 25 # of Neutrons = 30 # of Electrons = 25

48. Atomic Math Challenge 12 Mg Magnesium 24 Atomic # = 12 Atomic Mass= 24 # of Protons = 12 # of Neutrons = 12 # of Electrons = 12

49. Atomic Math Challenge 18 Ar Argon 40 Atomic # = 18 Atomic Mass= 40 # of Protons = 18 # of Neutrons = 22 # of Electrons = 18

50. Atomic Math Challenge 19 K Potassium 39 Atomic # = 19 Atomic Mass= 39 # of Protons = 19 # of Neutrons = 20 # of Electrons = 19