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3.2 ± 0.1. 6.3 ± 0.4. -1.7 ± 0.5. -1.4 ± 0.7. 0.6 à 2.5. -4.6 à -1.3. CO 2 Global Budget (GtC yr -1 ). SOURCES. PUITS. Flux annuels en GtC (années 90). (1 GtC = 10 15 gC). Europe. USA. Germany. France. China. Japan. India. Anthropogenic CO 2 emissions 6.3 GtC yr -1 in 1990's.
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3.2 ± 0.1 6.3 ± 0.4 -1.7 ± 0.5 -1.4 ± 0.7 0.6 à 2.5 -4.6 à -1.3 CO2 Global Budget (GtC yr-1) SOURCES PUITS Flux annuels en GtC (années 90) (1 GtC = 1015gC)
Europe USA Germany France China Japan India Anthropogenic CO2 emissions 6.3 GtC yr-1 in 1990's 1.600.000 1.400.000 1.200.000 CO2 emissions (1E3 tC/yr) 1.000.000 800.000 600.000 400.000 200.000 0 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000
CO2 (Fossil fuel emissions) CH4 N2O Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gases Emissions (district scale) Garg et al., 2001 Fossil Fuel 133 Tg C CDIAC Biofuel 167 Tg C Yevich et Logan, In press
Regionalscale 105 - 106 km2 How can we estimate CO2 fluxes ? Inverse modeling of atmospheric transport Atmospheric tracer Ill-posed problem Error amplification DOWNSCALING UPSCALING Extrapolation Strong heterogeneity Flux towers (1-10 km2) Forest inventories - local (1ha) Ocean studies Extrapolated DpCO2 measurements Direct models - biospheric - Oceanic (1-5000 km2)
t Atmospheric transport model Forward mode Sc - ( rC V ) = (r C) Atmospheric transport H • CO2 net fluxes • a priori estimation • xb ; var/cov P Atmos. Conc. simulated ymodel Observations yo ; var/cov R Inverse mode
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