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Agenda

Agenda. Finish notes—open to where we left off. Writing in notebook: You are a European Explorer (French, Dutch, or English) You encounter the Iroquois People Describing what you see/how they live. I. Iroquois Confederacy . Haudenosaunee (People of the Longhouse) Eastern Woodlands region

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Agenda

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  1. Agenda • Finish notes—open to where we left off. • Writing in notebook: • You are a European Explorer (French, Dutch, or English) • You encounter the Iroquois People • Describing what you see/how they live

  2. I. Iroquois Confederacy • Haudenosaunee(People of the Longhouse) • Eastern Woodlands region • Present day NY state • Rochester and Finger Lakes

  3. 1. League of 5 Nations: • Founded in 1570’s by Hiawatha the Unifier. • Outlawed war between Iroquois tribes. • Increased cooperation between Iroquois tribes. *Because the Iroquois united, they were the strongest tribe in the Northeast. **Will influence Benjamin Franklin’s Albany Plan of Union during the French & Indian War.

  4. 2. Tribes of the Confederacy: • Cayuga Younger brothers • Oneida • Seneca = Keepers of the western door. • Mohawk = Keepers of the eastern door. • Onondagas = Fire keepers; kept the sacred council fire (near present day Syracuse) Later joined by: • Tuscarora = 6th tribe; Came north from Carolinas and joined the Confederacy.

  5. 3. Iroquois Environment: • Abundance of trees: Iroquois will use wood as their main building material. • Large number of deer, rabbit, and fresh water fish. • Iroquois will hunt for food and clothing and be heavily involved in the fur trade. • Available fresh water supply and fertile soil. • Iroquois will also farm for food-corn, beans, and squash (The Three Sisters)

  6. 4. Iroquois Government: • Has many democratic principles. • Made up of 50 Chiefs (sachems) elected by the women of the tribe. • Chiefs represented the Iroquois people. • Chiefs made decisions through voting. • Decisions had to be made by ¾ or 75% vote. • Each chief could speak freely (freedom of speech) when using the “talking stick” *The Iroquois Confederacy will influence the New York State Constitution & the United States Constitution.

  7. 5. Iroquois Village Structure: • Was designed for defense. • Had an overlapping gate to enter the village. • To see approaching enemies, had a man-made clearing around the village. • Was surrounded by a stockade (fence). • Was near water to put out fires.

  8. 6. Iroquois at War: • Their main enemies are Algonquin speaking tribes (Huron). • United Confederacy (5 Nations) provided strength in numbers against enemies. • Adopted enemies after battles to make their armies larger. • Invented lacrosse to prepare warriors for battle.

  9. II. Iroquois Relationships With Europeans: A. French Exploration. • Famous French explorer Samuel de Champlain fired on an Iroquois war party during a fight with the Huron. • Results • Iroquois became enemies with the French. • Iroquois will usually side with the English over the French.

  10. B. Beaver Fur Trade: • Iroquois traded beaver furs to Europeans (mainly British & Dutch) for goods like pots, weapons, and metal tools. • Fought war with the Huron to gain the best lands to trap beaver. Results • Iroquois gain guns from fur trade. • Iroquois develop a commercial (trading) friendship with the British.

  11. III. Downfall of the Iroquois Confederacy:

  12. C. European Disease: • Diseases like smallpox and influenza (flu) kill many of the Iroquois Confederacy. • Do not have immunity to these diseases. • Iroquois were never exposed to European disease. • Iroquois lived in smaller more sanitary communities than European cities of the time.

  13. 5-8 Sentences • You are a European Explorer (French, Dutch, or English) • You encounter the Iroquois People • Describing what you see/how they live

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