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Quantitative Text Analysis. Content and Interaction Analyses. Do male or female characters on cartoons have greater amounts of speaking time?. What types of utterances most often follow an interruption?.
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Quantitative Text Analysis Content and Interaction Analyses
Do male or female characters on cartoons have greater amounts of speaking time? What types of utterances most often follow an interruption? Quantitative text analysis is used when a researcher wants to enumerate some aspect of a communication text. What types of commercials appear most frequently during afternoon soap operas?
What counts as a “text”? • Texts can be public (advertisements) or they can be private (transcribed conversations between intimates) • Texts can be mediated (email messages) or face-to-face (group decision making conversations) • Texts can be scripted (press releases) or spontaneous (initial interactions between strangers) • Texts can be linguistic, non-linguistic, or both.
Steps in Quantitative Text Analysis • Identify your research question/hypothesis • Identify your unit of analysis – what are you trying to make a claim about? • Identify your sampling unit – then collect a sample of texts. • Identify your coding unit – then have two independent coders unitize the texts. • Calculate unitizing reliability (must be at least .70) • Have two independent coders “code” the text. • Calculate inter-coder reliability (must be at least .70) • Analyze data
Content Analysis examines the distributional structure of a text. Researchers conduct content analysis using advertisements, speeches, accounts, television programs, etc. as texts. Interaction analysis can examine the distributional, interactive, and/or sequential structure of interaction. Researchers conduct interaction analysis using transcriptions of face-to-face interaction, mediated “real-time” interaction, and scripted interactions in TV and film Content Analysis vs. Interaction Analysis
Coding Units for Content Analysis • Physical Units • Syntactical Units • Referential • Propositional • Thematic
Coding Units in Interaction Analysis • The Thought Unit • The Theme • The Time Interval • The Speech Act