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Overview of Paleozoic History and Resulting Aquifers

Overview of Paleozoic History and Resulting Aquifers. Regions of the shield in North America. Michigan basin. Illinois basin. Finlay arch Cincinnati arch Lexington dome Nashville dome. Mississippi embayment. Wisconsin arch

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Overview of Paleozoic History and Resulting Aquifers

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  1. Overview of Paleozoic History and Resulting Aquifers

  2. Regions of the shield in North America

  3. Michigan basin Illinois basin Finlay arch Cincinnati arch Lexington dome Nashville dome Mississippi embayment Wisconsin arch Ozark plateau Transcontinental arch Appalachian basin Structural features of the eastern midcontinent Persistent through the Paleozoic

  4. Sauk Transgression Upper Cambrian Facies and Geography

  5. Prairie de Chien Dolomite St Peter Sandstone Potsdam SS Theresa SS St Francois SS LS LS in Apps Cambrian

  6. Taconic Orogeny End of Sauk Transgression • Ordovician. Start of Appalachian orogeny (Taconic, Acadian, Alleghenian) in the east. Taconic orogeny: Clastic wedges in New York, TN/KY. Carbonate platform on craton. Piedmont intrusions, metamorphism and thrusting. Carbonate platform on craton. End of Sauk transgression. • Carbonates forming main Ozark Plateau Aquifer • Carbonates at the center of Nashville and Lexington domes • Prairie de Chien dolomite, Wisconsin, Minnesota • Carbonates in Arbuckle Mountains • Martinsburg Sandstone in Appalachians

  7. Martinsburg SS in Appalachians Carbonates Ozark Plateau Carbonates Nashville Lexington domes Carbonate in Arbuckle Mountains Ordovician

  8. Tippecanoe Transgression • Silurian. Reefs form in northern Ohio, western NY and Michigan. Limestone and evaporites in closed basins formed by reefs. Tippecanoe Transgression • Niagra Dolomite: Western NY • Carbonates in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio • Carbonates deposited on continental shelf in western U.S.

  9. Mid-Continent Carbonates Niagra Dolomite and other carbonates Silurian

  10. Acadian Orogeny Antler Orogeny • Devonian.Acadian orogeny in the east. Clastic wedge in PA, fine-grained sediments form Devonian shale. Few carbonates because of clastic influx. Antler orogeny in the west, Island-arc system, Roberts thrust in Nevada. • Sandstones in folded Appalachians • Shales form confining units over carbonate aquifers

  11. Devonian aquifer systems • Devonian shale forms confining units in Midwest. Confining mostly carbonate aquifers. • Some sandstones in folded Appalachians

  12. Kaskaskia Transgression • Mississippian. Last major episode of carbonate deposition in cratonic sea. Kaskaskia Transgression • Carbonates on Springfield Plateau (northern Missouri to central Iowa) • Carbonates from northern Alabama to central Indiana and Ohio. • Madison Limestone in Montana • Marshall Sandstone in Michigan basin

  13. Mid-Continent Carbonates Sandstone Carbonates Springfield plateau Madison limestone Mississippian

  14. Pennsylvanian Coalfields in North America

  15. Absaroka Transgression • Pennsylvanian. Deltas prograde from NE to SW in NE midcontinent. Deposition of cyclothems (coal). Absaroka Transgression. Clastic wedge • Sandstones in Appalachian Plateau • Sandstone in Michigan Basin • LS and SS in Illinois basin (associated with cyclothems) • Sandstone: Ada-Vamosa aquifer in Oklahoma

  16. Ada-Vamosa aquifer Sandstone Michigan basin Illinois basin Appalachian basin Pennsylvanian

  17. Absaroka Transgression Alleghenian orogeny Sonoma orogeny • Permian Alleghenian orogeny in east. Major thrusting (Ouachita to S. Appalachian) and folding with thrusts (Central and Northern Appalachians). Small basins in midwest and southwest. Sonoma orogeny in west. Island-arc system, volcanics and thrusting; Golconda thrust in Nevada. Absaroka transgression continues. • Rush Springs Aquifer, Oklahoma • SS Central Oklahoma aquifer • SS Blaine aquifer, Oklahoma and Texas • Carbonate in Roswell Basin, New Mexico • Carbonate: Coconino de Chelly aquifer across Colorado Plateau

  18. LS in Roswell Basin SS Rush Springs, OK SS in Central OK aq SS in Blaine aquifer LS Coconino de Chelly across CP Permian

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