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Definition of Spots and The Three & One Principle

Learn about spots in football such as the dead-ball spot, spot of the foul, and more. Discover how penalty enforcement works with the Three & One Principle in football.

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Definition of Spots and The Three & One Principle

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  1. Definition of Spots and The Three & One Principle Tony Dutton

  2. Enforcement Spot. Previous Spot. Succeeding Spot. Dead-Ball Spot. Spot of the Foul. Out-of-Bounds Spot. Inbounds Spot. Spot Where Run Ends. Spot Where Kick Ends. Basic Spot. Post Scrimmage Kick Spot. Spots (2-25)

  3. Spot Where Run Ends(2-25-8) • Where ball declared dead in player possession. • Where player possession lost on fumble. • Where handing the ball occurs. • Where illegal forward pass is thrown. • Where backward pass is thrown. • Where scrimmage kick made beyond line of scrimmage. • Where a return kick occurs.

  4. Basic Spot(2-25-10) • Benchmark for enforcement spots for penalties governed by the Three-and-One Principle (2-33). • Basic Spot varies according to the type of play (2-30).It may be the previous spot, the spot of the foul, the spot where the run ends, or the post scrimmage kick spot.

  5. Spot Where Kick Ends(2-25-9) • Where a scrimmage kick that crosses the neutral zone is caught, recovered, or declared dead by rule. • Usually, but not always, the same as the post scrimmage kick spot.

  6. Post Scrimmage Kick Spot(2-25-11) • Is the Basic Spot when post scrimmage kick enforcement applies (10-2-3). • Kick ends in field of play: • PKS = Spot Where Kick Ends(except for some special cases – see next slide). • Kick ends in Team B’s end zone: PKS = Team B’s 20-yard line.

  7. PKS Special Cases(2-25-11-b-1 & 2) • Unsuccessful field goal attempt, ball untouched by B after crossing neutral zone, declared dead beyond neutral zone: PKS is: a) Previous spot if on or outside B’s 20-yard line. b) Team B’s 20-yard line, if previous spot is between B’s 20-yard line and the goal line. • When Rule 6-3-11 (scrimmage kick untouched by Team B batted by Team A in B’s end zone: PKS = Team B’s 20-yard line.

  8. PKS Special Case Scrimmage Kick – Field Goal Attempt Unsuccessful Ball untouched by B beyond NZ K H Ball on or beyond 20 PKS = Previous Spot Ball inside 20 PKS = B’s 20

  9. For a foul when the ball is dead [or for a live-ball foul treated as a dead-ball foul]: Succeeding Spot. These offensive team fouls behind the neutral zone: Illegal use of hands. Holding. Illegal block. Personal foul. Previous Spot (not basic spot). Safety if foul in Team A’s end zone. Two Enforcement SpotsDetermined by Rule (10-2-2-a & b)

  10. Fouls by Team A During Kicks (10-2-4) All fouls by the kicking team (except kick-catch interference) during a free or scrimmage kick (except field goal attempts) are enforced either at the previous spot or at the spot where the subsequent dead ball belongs to Team B.

  11. The Three & One Principle “The Three-and-One Principle of penalty enforcement applies when the penalty statement for a foul does not specify the enforcement spot.” (2-33)

  12. What’s that mean?Two Possibilities • Some penalty statements specify an enforcement spot: • Illegal forward pass: 5 yards - spot of the foul. • Ineligible receiver downfield: 5 yards – previous spot. • Substitution infraction: Ball dead – succeeding spot, Ball live – previous spot. • [Many others.] If the penalty statement specifies a spot use that spot.

  13. Some penalty statements do not specify an enforcement spot, only the number of yards. • Personal foul: 15 yards. • Illegal use of hands by offense: 10 yards. Apply the Three-in-One Principle (10-2-2-c).

  14. How to ApplyThe Three & One Principle • There are two teams: • The team in possession. • The team not in possession. • There are two possible places for a foul. • Behind the basic spot. • Beyond the basic spot.

  15. Four Possibilities (3 & 1) • Team in possession fouls behind the basic spot: enforce from spot of the foul. • Team in possession fouls beyondthe basic spot: enforce from the basic spot. • Team not in possession fouls behind the basic spot: enforce from the basic spot. • Team not in possession fouls beyond the basic spot: enforce from the basic spot.

  16. Really Only TwoThings to Remember • Team in possession fouls behind the basic spot: Spot foul. • Anything else: Basic spot.

  17. Behind the Basic Spot Beyond the Basic Spot Team in Possession X X Spot Foul BASIC SPOT X Teamnot in possession X

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