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Web Technologies

Web Technologies. What is HTML. HTML ( H yper T ext M arkup L anguage) Language for publications in the World Wide Web, text format for HTTP Basic language = English Developed 1990 by Berners Lee; based very strongly on SGML. History of HTML.

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Web Technologies

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  1. Web Technologies

  2. What is HTML • HTML (HyperText Markup Language) • Language for publications in the World Wide Web, text format for HTTP • Basic language = English • Developed 1990 by Berners Lee; • based very strongly on SGML

  3. History of HTML • HTML 2.0is the official standard, which defines those basic functions of HTML, which are meaningfully represented by all Web Browser. • HTML 3.2is the most common used standard, which covers those HTML elements, which are supported to a large extent by nearly all Browser versions (starting from 1996/97). • HTML 4.0is a suggestion of the W3-Consortium, which is at least partly supported by newer Browser versions (starting from 1997/98). • The advancement of HTML starting from 1999/2000 will go into the direction from XHTML.

  4. Basic Tags <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Al al-Bayt University</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> This is what is displayed. </BODY> </HTML>

  5. Tags • Heading tag • Paragraph tag • Color tag • Line breakup & Horizontal line tag • Font tag • Back ground & text color tag • Image tag & Table tag etc……..

  6. Conclusion • Advantage: HTML is easy to learn • Problems: • Almost nobody really cares about the standards of w3c, because the „Microsoft Internet Explorer“ (Leading Browser) is very obliging • As a result the parsers of the non-microsoft browsers can have significant problems in displaying pages correctly

  7. XML

  8. XML • XML (EXtensible Markup Language). • A markup language is used to provide information about a document. • Tags are added to the document to provide the extra information. • HTML tags tell a browser how to display the document. • XML tags give a reader some idea what some of the data means.

  9. Example of an XML Document <?xml version=“1.0”/> <address> <name>Alice Lee</name> <email>alee@aol.com</email> <phone>212-346-1234</phone> <birthday>1985-03-22</birthday> </address>

  10. Sample Code <?xml version=„1.0“ encoding=„ISO-8859-1“ ?> <book isbn=„3423085169“> <titel>Sofies Welt</titel> <autor> <name>Gaarder</name> <firstname>Jostein</firstname> </autor> <publisher>DTV</ publisher> <year>1993</year> </book>

  11. XML - Motivation • For closing gaps between machine-machine communication ... • ... applicable in the WWW • Easy to create • For humans and machines readable • To cover as much as possible areas of application

  12. Difference Between HTML and XML • HTML tags have a fixed meaning and browsers know what it is. • HTML tags are used for display. • XML tags are different for different applications, and users know what they mean. • XML tags are used to describe documents and data.

  13. CSS

  14. Programming Languages

  15. Programming Language • A Programming Language is a set of rules that provide a way of telling a computer what operations to perform.

  16. Programming Languages • C++ • Java • Java Scripts

  17. Thank you

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