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Improving Access to Essential Medicines

Explore key strategies implemented in Kenya to improve access to essential medicines, highlighting achievements, challenges, lessons learned, and monitoring mechanisms. Learn about the pharmacy and health system in Africa and its impact on public health in Ouagadougou, April 2008.

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Improving Access to Essential Medicines

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  1. Improving Access to Essential Medicines The Experience of Kenya PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  2. Background PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  3. Key Strategies for Access • Create enabling policy & legal framework in pharmaceuticals • Provide a basic package of essential medicines • Special focus on the needs of levels I, II & III • Review financing options to increase affordability • Improve procurement & supply systems • Strengthen drug regulation & quality control • Address pharmaceutical HR constraints • Develop/adapt appropriate M&E mechanisms PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  4. Key Achievements • Availability • Functioning procurement & supply systems • Improved availability in public sector • Basic package defined; periodically reviewed • Strategy developed for community level health services • Financing & Affordability • Increased government expenditure on medicines • Medicines free of charge for HIV,TB, Malaria; children <5yrs (public & mission facilities) • No taxes levied on medicines; reduced user charges • Government subsidy (medicines) to faith based facilities PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  5. Monitoring of Medicine Prices and Availability • Quarterly monitoring by MOH • Supported by WHO & HAI-Africa • Data collected at facility level • Availability and price to the patient • Basket of selected essential medicines • Source of regular information to: • Policy makers, consumers, h/sector partners • Focus: strategies to make essential medicines available & affordable PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  6. Medicines for Malaria PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  7. Medicines for HIV/AIDS ART Coverage in Kenya (Actual to 2007: Projected to 2010) PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  8. Challenges • Inadequate funding for medicines • Procurement, warehousing & distribution • Market regulation: inspection, surveillance, quality control • Many players in pharmaceuticals • Coordination, alignment, regulation • HR constraints (numbers & skills) • Inadequate numbers at lower levels • Low emphasis on rational use of medicines • Limited tools to measure access PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  9. Lessons Learnt (1) • Polices & Strategies in place are bearing fruit • Affordability requires special focus • Enhance procurement, explore options of pooling • Promote use of generics • Expand health insurance coverage for medicines • Subsidies for critical life-saving medicines • e.g. Insulin, Inhalers, medicines for hypertension • Weed out un-authorized sale of medicines • Strengthen systems for medicines regulation • Enhance laboratory capacity - WHO prequalification PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  10. Lessons Learnt (2) • Rational Use of Medicines • Systems for monitoring & enforcement • Increase pharmaceutical HR capacity (especially for lower levels of care) • Role of Traditional Medicines • Explore applications through research • Ensure safety and quality • Measuring progress on access to medicines • Develop/adapt robust M&E tools PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

  11. Asante sana • Thank you PHC & Health Systems in Africa: Ouagadougou, 28-30 Apr 08

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