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Cutting-Edge Dark Fibre Facilities for Research & Experimentation

Discover how dark fibre technology revolutionizes research through advanced physical layer experimentation. Learn about Czech Republic's infrastructure and CESNET's pivotal role in driving innovation. Explore applications, concepts, and the future of networking.

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Cutting-Edge Dark Fibre Facilities for Research & Experimentation

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  1. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation Josef Vojtěch, Stanislav Šíma, Jan Radil, Lada Altmannová josef.vojtech@cesnet.cz www.ces.net

  2. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation Authors participate on: CESNET research program (www.ces.net), GÉANT2/3 project (www.gean.net), Phosphorus project (www.ist-phosphorus.eu/about.php) Presented content do not necessarily reflect an official opinion of any institution or project. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  3. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationOutline • Introduction • Experimentation on Physical Layer • Concepts Used • Dark Fiber • Nothing in Line • Open Photonic Devices • CESNET2 • Experimental Facility + Applications • Connecting Dispersed Users to EFs • Conclusions 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  4. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationThe Czech Republic • Area: • 78 866km2 = 30 450 sq mi (South Carolina) • Population: • 10 349 372 • (Michigan) source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  5. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationCESNET • CESNET - Czech Educational and Scientific Network • Established as Association of Legal Entities (z.s.p.o.) in 1996– not for profit • All public universities + Czech Academy of Sciences • 52 staff members in Prague + over 150 part-time staff working on projects • Funded by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and association members under research plan: „Optical High Speed National Research Network and its New Applications“ (2004-2010) 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  6. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationExperimentation on Physical Layer • Understanding of physical layer is crucial: • There are no applications without physical layer. • Technology used in physical layer limits overlying applications by transmission speed, latency, non-determinism etc. • There is electronic processing speed limitation (about 100 Gb/s per port), optical processing speed limitation will be about 1 Tb/s per port. Optical processing has significantly lower energy consumption. See for example presentation Tetsuya Miyazaki: “Node and Link Technologies for New Generation Networks”, NICT,http://www.ict-fireworks.eu/fileadmin/events/9-10_June_2008_Brussels/Presentations/09-06-08/5B-Photonic_Networks/15-TETSUYA_MIYAZAKI_-_Photonic_Networks.pdf 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  7. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationExperimentation based on physical layer • Should be based on technology advances. • Many possibilities to enhance applications can be find in physical layer. • In many cases we can gauge before network users, what new physical layer possibilities will bring improvements in future. • In Research and Development driven by experiments, it is important to verify and evaluate real possibilities, create new offer of services for users, and find early adopters. • Applications can be enhancement by connecting dispersed users to experimental facilities. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  8. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationConcepts used • Concepts used for building: • Operational National Research and Educational Network (NREN) - CESNET2 • Experimental Facility (EF) – CzechLight, part of Global Lambda Integrated Facility (GLIF), see http://www.glif.is • Dark Fiber (DF) + Customer Empowered Fiber (CEF) Networks • Nothing in Line Approach (NIL) • Cross Border Fibers (CBF) • Family of open photonic devices – CzechLight Family 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  9. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation Dark Fibres, Customer Empowered Fibres • Migration from telco lambda services to dark fibers brings: • Much more capacity • Freedom in network design • DFs really needed for E2E services • First mile issues with fibers in many places • Wireless can be used too but limitations may be rather significant (no WDM, 10G predicted, but higher speeds?, reliability and availability...) • First DF in CESNET in 2000, 2.5 Gb/s PoS • Approximately 300km (186mi), 3 regenerators • More DFs have been acquired since then • First Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) operated DF in CESNET in 2002, 1 GE. • Approximately 190km (118mi), NIL concept • DF line in service till upgrade to 10 Gbps O-DWDM system in 2008 • Ethernet-based E2E services, shared capacity, VLANs • Transition of backbone to DFs was finished in 2004 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  10. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationNothing in Line • Nothing in Line (NIL), ‘hut skipping’ • Original approach, hut each 80km (50mi) - not necessary always and everywhere • Distances can be extended, even with commercially available equipment • Reduction in CAPEX+OPEX (less HW, housing, power) • Examples – NIL operational lines • 235km (146mi) EDFA only originally 1GE, upgraded to 10Gbps O-DWDM • 308km (191mi) EDFA + Raman 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  11. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationCross Border Fibres • Many projects and traffic with your neighbor? Acquire/rent a DF - latency will be low. • In CESNET: • CBF: SANET Slovakia 1GE in 2003, upgrade to Open photonic DWDM (O-DWDM) in 2006 • CBF: PIONIER Poland 1GE in 2004, upgrade to DWDM in 2007 • CBF: ACONET Austria O-DWDM, in 2006 O-DWDM 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  12. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationOpen photonic devices for network research and experimentation • CESNET is developing family of open photonic devices (CL family), enabling early adoption of leading edge photonic technology • Devices support network research and experimentation on dark fibre level, fast testing and prototyping, support experimental applications requested by users or field experiments on dark fibre lines, verifying feasibility of network improvements. • Proved very useful for CESNET2 development, Experimental Facility development, CBF lighting, GLIF applications development (especially for dispersed end users), improvement of interoperability on the physical layer, as well as remote monitoring and control, low latency and deterministic multicast (will be addressed further). • Main advantages: offer freedom of design, ability to meet user needs, easy to modify if change necessary, avoiding delays in innovation (low needs to save investments), photonic transmission and processing speeds, low cost, saving energy, and space. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  13. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationFamily of Open Photonics Devices • First Open Photonic devices in CESNET2 in 2004 • Family of open photonic devices (DWDM and other photonic tasks) • EDFAs (terminal, inline applications, CATV) • Raman amplifiers including TDM (amplification in long NIL) • Tunable CD compensators (long NIL, 40G) • Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (ROADMs) • Variable Mux/Demuxes (VMUX) • Wavelength selective switches (WSS) * • Optical channel monitors (OCM) • All optical wavelength converters * • Photonic path switches (both mechanically and non mech. based) • Photonic path switches with multicast option (mech. + non mech.) • Manufactured by FTTx companies/vendors. * in experimental regime 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  14. 2002: first optical amplifiers (EDFA) • 2004: first CLA Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationProgress inCESNET networks • Evolution of the CESNET network 1999 – 2007 (not with all details). 2004 2000 2002 2005 2007 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  15. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationUp-to-date situation in CESNET2 • CESNET2 network 2009 • 4700km (2920mi) of DFs • Incl. 980km (609mi) single fiber DF links • Mixed architecture – coexistence of commercial and open DWDM systems at speeds up to 10Gbps 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  16. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationUp-to-date situation in CESNET: WAN • 10 lines Cisco 15454 MSTP n x 10 Gb/s DWDM transmission system (with ROADM). • 10 linesdeployed with open photonic n x 10 Gb/s DWDM transmission systems, including 2 international CBF connections to Bratislava and Vienna: • No bottleneck on international links anymore. • 6 single fibre linesdeployed with open photonic DWDM • Other 4 links will be lit in 2009 (including 3 single fibre lines). 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  17. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationExperimental facility: WAN 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  18. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationExperimental facility - connections GOLE StarLight Chicago PIONIER Cieszyn Poland SANET Bratislava Slovakia GOLE NetherLight Amsterdam DWDM DWDM ACOnet Wien Austria CBF 8 x 10 Gb/s Masaryk University BRNO GOLE CzechLight Praha N x 1GE over SONET CBF 4 x 10 Gb/s ONS15454 ONS15454 OC-192c 40 x 10 Gb/s N x 1 GE CBF 8 x 10 Gb/s Ethernet VLANs E300 Cisco6506 OC-192c N x 1&10 Gb/s BigIron Cisco7609 CESNET2 DWDM backbone 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  19. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationGLIF 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  20. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationConnecting dispersed users to EFs • Preferred approach is based on dark fibres connecting end users and EF via photonic (all-optical) lightpaths (i.e. implemented without OEO conversions). • Tunneling through CWDM was successfully demonstrated (but not yet fully published) for example in GLIF2007 workshop in Prague as connection between Charles University and EF, used for all demos. • Photonic lightpath connected to EF are available in CESNET2 NREN and in CESNET Experimental Facility, including CBFs. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  21. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationExperimental facility 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  22. CESNET2 B P GOLE StarLight Chicago GOLE NetherLight Amsterdam Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationGLIF 2007 demos solution • Combination of • 10G international lambdas, CWDM, DWDM • Open and ‚big‘ vendor transmission systems N x 10GE λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 GOLE CzechLight Praha PASNET DWDM MUX CWDM MUX CWDM DEMUX DWDM DEMUX Carolinum CLA PB01 Dark Fibre, G.652, 13 dB (DWDM over CWDM) λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 E300 Demos PCs with XFP Switches DWDM DEMUX CWDM DEMUX CWDM MUX DWDM MUX OC-192c OC-192c 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  23. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation Multicasting device demonstration • CLM (Multicast Switch) has • photonic part multicasting (replicating) optical signal bands • electronic part for remote switching control via web interface • Multicast by CLM is transmission speed agnostic, deterministic without jitter and delay, i.e. without OEO conversion, without store and forward processing and without loading of switch by multiple tasks • Operation demonstrated at GLIF 2007 at Prague • Operation demonstrated outside CESNET on University of Washington (8th Annual GLIF Workshop on 1 October 2008 at Seattle), CLM was located at StarLight and managed remotely 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  24. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationPhotonic multicast with CLM 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  25. Tx Rx Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation PNWGP 7609 CAVEwave (2155) EVL e600 CESNET (trunk 440,441) CzechLight 6/2 Praha E300 CW 6506 6/14 6/10 6/6 (2155) (441) (445) CW 6506 RX only ‚TX only‘ RX only • Combination of • 10G international lambdas, DWDM • Open and ‚big‘ vendor transmission systems C-Wave (2155) RX only GLIF Mog HD RX (2155) O1 O2 I1 CESNET CLM IP: 10.200.200.200 MAC: 10:10:10:10:10:10 O3 Brno C6506 C-Wave (2155) O4 (441) (440) HD RX HD TX StarLight IP: 10.200.200.200 MAC: 10:10:10:10:10:10 UCSD Calit2 6509 CW 6506 e1200 GLIF 2008 CLM Demonstration in Cinegrid demos HD RX IP: 10.200.200.200 MAC: 10:10:10:10:10:10 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  26. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationApplications over EF • GLIF demo on 8th Annual Global LambdaGrid Workshop 2008, Seattle, USA. • HD video with real optical multicast. • GLIF demos on 7th Annual Global LambdaGrid Workshop 2007, Praha, Czech Republic. • HD, 4k video transmissions. • Multiple 10 Gb/s links to a medieval building with open DWDM transmission system. • HEP - data access and processing for ATLAS and ALICE on LHC, D0 on TEVATRON, STAR on RHIC. • First VINI sites in Europe (Praha, Plzeň). • http://www.vini-veritas.net/ • Intercontinental Remote Education on High Performance Computing between Masaryk University Brno and Louisiana State University. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  27. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationGLIF Lightpaths (E2E) to HEP projects participants in the Czech Republic GOLE NetherLight Amsterdam AS – The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic CTU – Czech Technical University, Praha CU – Charles University, Praha n x 1GE over SONET • Combination of • 10G international lambdas, CWDM • Open and ‚big‘ vendor transmission systems ONS15454 OC-192c Access 1GE Nuclear Physics Institute (AS) Řež Trunk 10GE DF BNL FNAL TAIPEI Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering (CTU) Břehová, Praha Institute of Physics (IoP AS), Na Slovance, Praha CWDM Faculty of Mathematics and Physics (CU), Trója, Praha DF Cisco6506 E300 10GE CWDM CWDM Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics (CTU) Horská, Praha CWDM GOLE CzechLight Praha DF Nuclear Physics Institute (AS) Bulovka, Praha 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  28. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and Experimentation GOLE CzechLight Praha 1GE vini1.cesnet.cz E300 1GE GOLE NetherLight Amsterdam vinix.cesnet.cz 1GE over SONET • Combination of • 10G international lambdas, DWDM • Open and ‚big‘ vendor transmission systems 1GE 1GE over SONET OC-192c ONS15454 1GE OC-192c simple extension possibilities Lightpath Chicago/Amsterdam/Praha for VINI CESNET2 PoP Praha GOLE StarLight Chicago CESNET EF n x 10Gb/s CESNET2 n x 10Gb/s Plzeň Brno CESNET ONS15454 CESNET2 ONS15454 CESNET2 ONS15454 vini network in the USA 1GE 1GE 1GE viniy.cesnet.cz viniz.cesnet.cz vini2.cesnet.cz 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  29. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationConclusions I • Attention to photonic transmission and processing should be increased • Speed limits of electrical processing, above certain limit the only possibility • Ability to make savings on energy consumption, housing space. Should be addressed by the physical layer network design: the possibility of addressing them on the higher layers is very limited • Design of E2E lightpaths – multidomain task • Necessity of interoperability at physical layer • Theoretical understanding and experimental verification (in DF experimental facilities) necessary to verify feasibility of deployment in the production network • Cooperation with FTTx vendors and operators • Open photonic systems • Can enable early adoption of the new photonic technology in the production • Enable and support experimental applications requested by users or field experiments on dark fiber lines • Can offer beneficial cost advantages 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  30. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationConclusions II • The development and interconnection (federalization) of experimental facilities (open testbeds) enabling field technology testing and user participation should be supported • Give researchers an experimental environment for validating innovative – and potentially disruptive – architectures and technologies including physical layer. Many issues are only discovered when technology, devices or systems are deployed in "real-life" situations. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  31. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationCall for cooperation • Interconnection of (dark fiber) experimental facilities, enabling researchers access to these • Experimental verification and deployment of cutting edge solutions and technology 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  32. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationKyoto Price 4K transmission (via CESNET) • “The Kyoto Prize” is an international award to honor those who have contributed significantly to the scientific, cultural, and spiritual betterment of mankind. • 4K uncompressedlive streaming (6 Gbit/s) • Kyoto to Stockholm, L2-10GbE over 21,000km. • 4K compressed multicaststreaming (500 Mbit/s) • Multicast by hardware packet replicator • World’s First Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic (21,000km) Real Time Switching and Streaming Transmission of Uncompressed 4K Motion Pictures, Nov 10-11, 2007 from Kyoto to Stockholm via Chicago and Prague • http://www.dmc.keio.ac.jp/en/topics/071126-4K.html 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  33. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationReferences • [1] Petr Holub, Josef Vojtech, Jan Radil, et. al.,„Pure Optical (Photonic) Multicast“, GLIF 2007 Demo, Prague, 2007. • [2] Jan Radil, Stanislav Šíma, „ Customized Approaches to Fibre-based E2E Services“, TERENA 1st E2E Workshop, Amsterdam, 2008. • [3] Stanislav Šíma, et. al.,„LTTx: Lightpaths to the application, From GOLEs to dispersed end users “, GLIF 2008 Workshop, Seattle, 2008. • [4] Josef Vojtěch, Jan Radil,„Transparent all optical switching devices in CESNET“, 25thAPAN meeting, Honolulu, 2008. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  34. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationAcknowedgement • Jan Gruntorád, Miloslav Hůla, Jiří Navrátil, Jan Nejman, Václav Novák 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  35. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationThank you for your attention.Questions? 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  36. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationInvitation to Future Internet Conference 11-13 May 2009, CLARION CONGRESS HOTEL Prague Organized by the EC and CESNET during the CzechRepublic presidencyhttp://www.future-internet.eu/events/eventview/article/eu-conference-the-future-of-the-internet.html 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  37. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationInvitation to 5th Customer Empowered Fiber Network WorkshopMay 14 – 15, 2009 Praha, Organized by CESNET Previous workshops http://www.ces.net/doc/seminars/cef2007/ Universitas Carolina, founded 1348. 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

  38. Dark Fibre Facilities for Research and ExperimentationGLIF 2007 photonic multicast with CLM 5th TRIDENTCOM, Washington DC

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