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Introduction to MIS: Data Manipulation, Information Generation & System Concepts

Understand the importance of data manipulation and information generation in MIS, defining systems, and the synergy between humans and computers in a business context. Explore various components and stages of information systems.

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Introduction to MIS: Data Manipulation, Information Generation & System Concepts

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  1. Lecture 2: Introduction to MIS (Cont’d) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  2. Outline • Data Manipulation • Generating Information • What is System? • Information and Managers • Human Computer Synergy 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  3. Data Manipulation • Data is manipulated to make useful information. • Survey is the common method of collecting data. • Raw data is hard to read. • Information is more useful to business than data. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  4. Generating Information • All calculations and operations on data are processes. • A process is manipulation of data. • Process usually produces information. • Process may produce more data. • A piece of information in one context may be considered data in another context. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  5. Generating Information(Cont’d) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  6. Information in Context • Not all information is useful. • Useful information is • Relevant • Complete • Accurate • Current • Obtained economically (in business) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  7. Information Context (Cont’d) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  8. What is a system? • System: is an array of components that work together to achieve goal(s). • System • accepts input • processes input • produces output 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  9. What is a system? (Cont’d) • System may have multiple goals. • System may contain subsystems, each one accepts input. • Subsystems have sub-goals that meet main goal. • Subsystems may transfer output to other subsystems. • Example: - 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  10. What is a system? (Cont’d) • Closed system: has no connections with other systems. • Open system: interfaces and interacts with other systems. • Often a subsystem of a bigger system. • Information system: processes data and produces information. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  11. Information and Managers • Systems thinking: thinking of an organization in terms of subsystems. • A shared database(Collection of electronic records) may help managers in decision making. • Information systems automate exchange among subsystems. • Information map: network of information systems. • Information technology: technologies that facilitate construction and maintenance of information systems. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  12. Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy • Humans are relatively slow and make mistakes. • Computers cannot make decisions. • Synergy: combining resources to produce greater output. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  13. Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy (Cont’d) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  14. Information Systems in Organizations • Computer-based Information system: system with computer at center. • Certain trends have made information systems important in business. • Organizations lag behind if they do not use information systems. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  15. Components of Information Systems 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  16. The Four Stages of Processing • Input: collect and introduce data to system. • Data processing: perform calculations/operations on input. • Output: what is produced by the information system. • Storage: vast amounts of data and information stored on storage devices. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  17. Computer Equipment for Information Systems • Input devices: receive input. • Computer (CPU): process data. • Output devices: displays information. • Storage devices: store data. • Network devices: transfer data 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  18. Computer Equipment for Information Systems (Cont’d) 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  19. Summary • Data Manipulation • Generating Information • What is System? • Information and Managers • Human Computer Synergy 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  20. References • Oz, (2009) Management Information Systems.6th Edition. USA: Cengage Course Technology. 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

  21. Questions? 17/10/2018 - Shakhawan H. Mahmood – Salahaddin University

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