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POSTWAR EUROPEAN LEADERS. KONRAD ADENAUER – WEST GERMANY. “THE OLD MAN” Not a Nazi, a Christian Democrat Presided as Chancellor over West German “Economic Miracle” Voted by nation as one of Germany’s greatest leaders. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYcnP-lZvRM.
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KONRAD ADENAUER – WEST GERMANY • “THE OLD MAN” • Not a Nazi, a Christian Democrat • Presided as Chancellor over West German “Economic Miracle” • Voted by nation as one of Germany’s greatest leaders. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYcnP-lZvRM
WALTER ULBRICHT – EAST GERMANY • German Democratic Republic • Unrest in 1953 • Constant migration across border into West Germany
WILLY BRANDT • Social Democrat • Escaped to Norway in 1930s, came back to Germany in 1946 • Mayor of West Berlin • Chancellor of West Germany, 1969-1974 • Ostpolitik – wins Nobel Peace Prize in 1970
At the Berlin Wall (with Robert Kennedy), and in Warsaw memorial
MARGARET THATCHER -Conservative Curbs British welfare state in 1980s Challenges unions’ power Takes a hard stand in Northern Ireland Falklands War, 1982 Encourages Bush against Iraq, 1990
BLOODY SUNDAY, 1972 – British paratroopers shoot down 14 at a civil rights march
IRA GAINS FROM VIOLENCE – civil war kills thousands until 1999
EUROPEAN COOPERATION • 1947 – CEEC – Council for European Economic Cooperation for countries that took Marshall Plan aid. • 1950- Jean Monnet and Robert Schumann help create European Coal and Steel Community – Six countries – France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg • Later called Common Market or European Community - 1957
More Cooperation • More countries join between 1973 and 1986 – Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Greece, Portugal, Spain • 1993 Maastricht Treaty – European Union (EU). European parliament and common currency instituted. Free travel without passports allowed throughout EU. • Former Communist countries of eastern Europe join in recent years. Currently 27 members • http://europa.eu/abc/history/animated_map/index_en.htm • http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm