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3 solutions to non- stationarity problems

3 solutions to non- stationarity problems. Solution 1 – We need to keep constraining the AE by catchment water balance methods Hydrological models Solution 2 - We need to constrain the AE by other ways Fluxnet (but point data)

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3 solutions to non- stationarity problems

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  1. 3 solutions to non-stationarity problems • Solution 1 – We need to keep constraining the AE by catchment water balance methods • Hydrological models • Solution 2 - We need to constrain the AE by other ways • Fluxnet (but point data) • Satellite (just for the spatial pattern, or the temporal variability) • Biomass • Solution 3 – We need more science • New formulations? Complementary hypothesis • Use extreme years or extreme climates

  2. Evaporation • Evaporation representationismaybetoo few physicallyrepresented in our model ? • Differencebetween latitude of the studiedcatchments • Representation of interception? Is it crucial ?

  3. Evaporation is (toooften) a residualterm… • Correction of P  correction of ET, based on elevation • Start to constrain the model withtrue data measurment! • Scale issue • Data from the FLUXNET (point measurment)

  4. Dividecatchments by « land class » and use satellite data as first guess? • MODIS data for +/- estimation ? • Water balance approach: streamflow and precipitation R-R model • Main problem in NS model: water balance

  5. Difficulty to reproduce water balance over validation period • High frequencyterm to takeintoaccount • What about extremeyears ? • Regionswithout « formula », « data » (Russia, Alaska)

  6. Question of extremeclimate ? • Definition of PET? Dependence on scale ! • Definitionsdifferencebetweenhydrologists and climatologistsdefinitions… • Equilibriumequationshoulbbe the best theoritically

  7. What about biomass changes? Use as a constraint, at a annual timestep?

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