It’s Built In! Accessibility Options in Windows XP and Apple OS X

1. It’s Built In! Accessibility Options in Windows XP and Apple OS X Delaware Instructional Technology Conference Joanne Jennings Office of Educational Technology University of Delaware

2. Accessible Technology • Enables individuals to adjust their computers to meet their needs • Visual • Hearing • Mobility • Cognitive • Speech Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

3. Accessible Technology • Specialty Hardware and Software Products Or • It’s Built into Operating Systems Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

4. Section 508 Compliance • U.S. Federal Government • In 1998 Congress amended the Rehabilitation Act to strengthen Section 508 • Requires that Federal agencies’ electronic and information technology is accessible to people with disabilities • Compliant as of June 21, 2001 • Microsoft • Accessible Technology since 1988 • Apple • Accessible Technology since 1985 Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

5. Who Can Benefit from Accessible Technology (AT)? • 2003 Microsoft Study • 57% of computer users age 18-64 likely or very likely to benefit from AT • Includes those who are not measured in other studies as disabled but who have difficulty in performing tasks Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

6. 2003 Microsoft Study Other Key Findings • Participants reported that AT • Makes computers more comfortable and easier to use • Use of AT was influenced by an individual’s computer experience and confidence rather than impairments • Users of accessible technology often find the technology themselves to improve their computing experience • These findings changed the concept of disability • Altered understanding the need for accessible technology Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

7. Delaware Student Population • 116,287 Students 2002-2003 • 15,636 Special Education Students Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

8. Delaware Students Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

9. Delaware Students Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

10. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • Start  All programs Accessories Accessibility Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

11. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • The Accessibility Wizard • Utility Manager • Narrator • Screen Magnifier • On-Screen Keyboard Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

12. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • The Accessibility Wizard • A good first step • Asks series of questions • To identify optimum font and cursor sizes, visibility options, keystroke speeds and more • Adjust settings specific to user’s needs Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

13. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • Utility Manager • Provides access to the Magnifier, Narrator, and On-Screen Keyboard • Open with Windows key-U Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

14. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • Narrator • Text-to-speech program • Announces menu and control options • Shortcuts, titles, window titles, keystrokes, and window settings. • Text within windows in selected text-only programs such as Notepad, Wordpad, and plain-text Outlook messages Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

15. Windows XP Accessibility Tools • Mobility • On-Screen Keyboard • US standard or enhanced with numeric keypad • In hovering mode, placing the mouse over a character for a length of time selects character Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

16. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • Start Control Panel  Accessibility Options Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

17. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • Mobility • StickyKeys • Difficulty holding down 2 or more keys at the same time—press one key at a time • FilterKeys • Ignore brief or repeated keystrokes • ToggleKeys • Hear tones when you press Caps Lock, Num Lock, and Scroll Lock keys Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

18. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • Mobility • MouseKeys • Control mouse pointer using the numeric keypad • Left Alt, Left Shift, Num Lock • Speech Recognition • Works with Word • Start  Control Panel  Sounds, Speech and Audio Devices  Speech Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

19. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • Hearing • SoundSentry • Generates a visual warning when your system generates a sound • Error messages, e-mail alerts • Show Sounds • Program with sound uses a text caption or icon Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

20. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • Visual • High Contrast • Variety of choices • Cursor Options • Blink rate • Cursor width • Enlarge the display Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

21. Accessibility Options in Windows XP • General Tab • Administrative Options • Apply user settings at login • Automatic Reset • Turn off accessibility after a time limit • SerialKey Devices • Allows you to add switches • Notification • Gives a warning or make a sound when you turn feature on or off Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

22. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Universal Access (similar to Windows Accessibility Options) • Apple menu System Preferences Universal Access • Text automatically spoken when you mouse over it Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

23. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Visual Disabilities • View Options • Increases icon size and icon text size • View menu • Dock Magnification • System preferences  Dock Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

24. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Visual Disabilities • Apple Menu  System Preferences  Speech • Text-to-Speech (similar to Windows Narrator) • Speech recognition • Speak alerts Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

25. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Visual Disabilities • Zoom (similar to Windows Magnifier) • Magnify everything on the screen • Quicktime video plays magnified • Display Adjustment Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

26. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Learning and Other Disabilities • TextEdit • Word processor • Can speak an entire doc or selected text • Spoken Items • Hear text read aloud • Both TextEdit and Spoken Items are useful for feedback, especially for those learning to read and write • Talking Calculator • OS X not Windows Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

27. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Mobility • Sticky Keys (similar to Windows StickyKeys) • For difficulty in pressing more than one key at a time • Slow Keys (similar to Windows FilterKeys) • For difficulty with initial or repeated keystrokes • Mouse Keys (similar to Mouse Keys in Windows) • Allows use of numeric keypad instead of mouse Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

28. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Mobility • Key Repeat • Set repeat delay to prevent keystroke repeats • Keyboard Navigation • Assign a keyboard combination to any menu item that does not have one assigned • Also can change an existing combination Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

29. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Mobility • Speech Recognition • Launch applications and complete commands with your voice • Speaker independent • No voice training required • Optimized for built-in microphones Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

30. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • Hearing Disabilities • Flash Screen (similar to Windows SoundSentry) • Visual indication of alert sounds by flashing screen once • Quicktime • Application included with OS X • creates and displays a text track Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

31. Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS X • General • Multiple Users (similar to Windows Administrative Options) • Each user saves preferred settings • Sherlock • Useful for emerging readers and writers Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

32. Introducing Tiger: 10.4 • VoiceOver • Provides access to your Mac through speech, audible cues and keyboard navigation • Appropriate for students with learning, mobility, or visual disabilities Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

33. Introducing Tiger: 10.4 • VoiceOver • Integrated screen reader • Web pages • Mail messages • Word processing files • Mac workspace • Allows use of keyboard • Voice over demo Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

34. One Size Does Not Fit All…. • Accessibility options in Windows and Macintosh are not for everyone • More robust software and hardware are necessary for more serious impairments • More expensive • More customizable Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

35. For More Information on Third Party Products • Apple • http://www.apple.com/accessibility/ • Microsoft • http://www.microsoft.com/enable/at/search.asp • (http://www.microsoft.com/enable/) Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

36. THANK YOU!jennings@udel.edu Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

37. "Accessible Technology in Computing--Examining Awareness, Use, and Future Potential." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2004. Microsoft Corporation. 02 Apr. 2005 <http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/1/f/01f506eb-2d1e-42a6-bc7b-1f33d25fd40f/ResearchReport-Phase2.doc>. • "Accessibility." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 <http://www.apple.com/accessibility>. • "Accessibility in Education." Accessibility in Education. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 <http://www.apple.com/education/accessibility/>. • "Apple's Accessibility Technologies." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 <http://www.apple.com/education/accessibility/technology/>. • "Assistive Software/Hardware Based on Disability." UIUC. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 31 3 2005 <http://www.disability.uiuc.edu/services/at/index.php?sub=33>. • Carmack, Carmen. "Help Getting Around: 14 Accessibility Features." Smart Computing August 2003: 12-14. • Carmack, Carmen. "More Than Meets The Fingertips." Smart Computing September 2003: . • Davidson, Iver. "Special Tools for Special Needs: Utilities Make XP Microsoft's Most Accessible OS Yet." Smart Computing June 2003: . References Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

38. Derowitsch, Rachel. "Input Devices: Get In Touch With The Best Features of These Tools." Smart Computing July 2003: 33-35. • "Fingertip Facts on Education 2002-2003." 2004. State of Delaware Department of Education. 02 Apr. 2005 <http://www.doe.state.de.us/docs/pdf/de_edfacts2003.pdf>. • Lazzaro, Joe. "The Eyes Have It." Smart Computing January 2005: 44-46. "Microsoft and Section 508." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2004. Microsoft Corporation. 21 Mar. 2005 <http://www.microsoft.com/enable/microsoft/section508.aspx>. • "Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibillity." 2005. Microsoft Corporation. 31 3 2005 <http://www.microsoft.com/enable/>. • "The Wide Range of Abilities and Its Impact on Computer Technology." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2003. Microsoft Corporation. 02 Apr. 2005 <http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/1/f/01f506eb-2d1e-42a6-bc7b-1f33d25fd40f/ResearchReport.doc>. • "VoiceOver." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 <http://www.apple.com/accessibility/voiceover>. References Delaware Instructional Technology Conference