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Hinny. A male horse mated with a female donkey. (A female horse mated with a male donkey produces an infertile mule, shown behind.). Zorse. A cross between a horse and a zebra, made by traditional breeding methods. Zonkey.
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Hinny • A male horse mated with a female donkey. (A female horse mated with a male donkey produces an infertile mule, shown behind.)
Zorse • A cross between a horse and a zebra, made by traditional breeding methods.
Zonkey • A cross between a zebra and a donkey, made by traditional breeding methods.
Liger • Produced by mating a male lion with a female tiger. This is Samon, bred at the Institute of Greatly Endangered and Rare Species, in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. (A female lion with a male tiger is a tigon.)
Mouse w/ear Scaffold 1 • Mouse being used for research on organ scaffolds around which tissue can grow but which biodegrades in the body. The scaffold is growing new human cartilage in the shape of a human ear.
Mouse w/ear Scaffold 2 • Another picture of the mouse with the tissue scaffold.
Headless Mouse • Researchers at a university in England discovered that there is a single gene responsible for the morphological development of the head in the mouse. They knocked out the gene shown in the picture (left). The mouse on the right is a normal mouse fetus at term. The mouse on the left survived fine in utero, but died when it was born and when the umbilical cord was severed. Researchers hope this will shed light on anencephaly and on other central nervous system disorders.
Mice Fetus • The pup and placenta on the left display normal growth. The pup and placenta on the right was derived by nuclear transfer of ES cells, and displays common overgrowth phenotype seen in cloned mice. This animal did not survive.
Dolly • In 1996, Ian Wilmut cloned Dolly from an adult sheep, demonstrating somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning.
Beltsville Hog • The Beltsville hogs had a human gene for growth hormine inserted into their genome. The gene resulted in an increased pace of growth, arthritis, blindness, and general suffering. The experiment was stopped early and the hogs were euthanized.
Geep • In 1985, researchers at the University of Wyoming crated this chimera by fusing a sheep embryo with a goat embryo. The shoulders and head are that of a sheep, but the legs are of a goat. Each cell contains the DNA of either a sheep or a goat, but not both.
Nuclear Transfer Piglet Clones • Research on producing pigs using nuclear transfer. Required between 115-164 transfers per arm to produce 4 healthy cloned piglet and 5 additional pregnancies Researcher say that the techniques “should allow the use of genetic modification procedures to produce tissues and organs from cloned pigs with reduced immunogenicity for use in xenotransplantation.”
Cloned Lamb • The lamb on the left is a clone, and is abnormally large. Researcher suspect it is due not to a defect in the DNA itself, but rather in the imprinting of genes, the marking of genes so that expression patterns of the maternal and paternal genes differ.
ANDi • ANDi, a rhesus monkey, is the first genetically engineered primate. In January 2001, Schatten et al. at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center inserted into his germline a jellyfish gene for bioluminescence. The gene is present, but inactive. More recently, UW reseachers inserted a bioluminescence gene into a primate embryo, which developed into bioluminescing placental tissue.
Remote Controlled Rat In May 2002, researchers led by Sanjiv Talwar at the State University of New York reported that they determined how to use wireless signals to electrically stimulate the somatosensory cortical in a rat’s brain to trick a rat into thinking its right or left whisker had been tickled. They then trained it to respond to those cues by stimulating the medial forebrain bundle to generate sensations of pleasure. The rat could then be led by remote control to navigate three-dimensional routes over a range of real-world terrains.
