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4. 铵盐中氮的测定 (甲醛法)

4. 铵盐中氮的测定 (甲醛法). 实验目的. 学会用基准物质标定溶液浓度的方法 了解甲醛法测定铵盐中含氮量的原理和方法. 实验原理. 铵盐 NH 4 Cl 和 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 是常用的氮肥,系强酸弱碱盐,由于的酸性太弱( Ka=5.6×10 -10 ),故无法用 NaOH 标准溶液直接滴定。生产和实验室中广泛采用甲醛法测定铵盐中的含氮量。甲醛法是基于如下反应: 4NH 4 + + 6HCHO → (CH 2 ) 6 N 4 H + + 3 H + + 6H 2 O.

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4. 铵盐中氮的测定 (甲醛法)

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  1. 4.铵盐中氮的测定 (甲醛法)

  2. 实验目的 • 学会用基准物质标定溶液浓度的方法 • 了解甲醛法测定铵盐中含氮量的原理和方法

  3. 实验原理 铵盐NH4Cl和(NH4)2SO4是常用的氮肥,系强酸弱碱盐,由于的酸性太弱(Ka=5.6×10-10),故无法用NaOH标准溶液直接滴定。生产和实验室中广泛采用甲醛法测定铵盐中的含氮量。甲醛法是基于如下反应: 4NH4+ + 6HCHO→(CH2)6N4H+ + 3 H+ + 6H2O

  4. 生成的H+和(CH2)6N4H+(Ka=7.1×10-6)可用NaOH标准溶液滴定,计量点时产物为(CH2)6N4,其水溶液显微碱性,可选用酚酞作指示剂。

  5. 实验内容 1、0.1mol·L-1NaOH溶液的配制与标定 • 配制: • 标定(平行做3次) 标定反应 :KHP + NaOH = KNaP + H2O 等物质的量关系:

  6. 实验步骤 2.样品的测定 (1)样品溶液的配制 (2)测定(平行做3次) (3)数据记录与处理

  7. 思考题 1.铵盐中氮的测定为何不采用NaOH直接滴定法? 2.为什么中和甲醛试剂中的甲酸以酚酞作指示剂;而中和铵盐试样中的游离酸则以甲基红作指示剂?

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