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Cell Communication. Chapter 11. Types of Cell Signaling. Local Regulators – molecules released travel short distances to other cells in the area Examples: Growth factors (paracrine signaling) and Nervous system (synaptic signaling)
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Cell Communication Chapter 11
Types of Cell Signaling • Local Regulators – molecules released travel short distances to other cells in the area • Examples: Growth factors (paracrine signaling) and Nervous system (synaptic signaling) • Long Distance Signaling – specialized cells release signal into bloodstream, travel long distances to target cells • Examples: Hormones in endocrine system (epinephrine/adrenaline) FIGHT OR FLIGHT!! • Ehtylene in plant cells
Receptor Molecules Bind To: • Ligands that trigger response (pg. 213)
Receptor Molecules Bind To: • Rather than bind externally, some hormones can physically enter cell and bind to receptors internally (INTRAcellular) • Testosterone (Pg. 214)
Cell Signaling Includes: • 3 Major steps • Reception • Transduction • Response
Signal Transduction Pathways Signal Relay protein • KEY WORDS HERE ARE PHOSPHORYLATION CASCADE Protein kinase 1 Protein kinase 2 Protein kinase 3 Response Protein RESPONSE
Role of Cyclic AMP (cAMP) • Back to G-Protein Coupled Receptors and epinephrine example • YES, it gets more complicated, but this WILL be on AP Exam • If its not, tell Ms. Frost to call me and yell at me for you! • The Role of cAMP