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Explore the state's functions, bureaucracy, rule of law, human rights, constitutionalism, and decentralization in public administration. Learn key concepts, definitions, and structures of governance.
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English for PublicAdministration I Revision
The State, Its Development and Functions • Whatisthestate? • What are the three main functions of the state (corresponding to the three branches of government)? • What is the highest legislative institution? • What are the main types of state organization?
Completethefollowing: The state as a space possesses a permanent ________________, a defined _________________, a ______________ that is capable of maintaining effective control, andthe ability to conduct international ___________________ with other states.
Translatethefollowinginto Croatian: The state has three main functions: legislative, judicial, and executive. Thelegislative function is exercised mainly through Parliament which has the power to make laws of general application and to grant to other bodies the power to make delegated legislation under the authority of an Act of Parliament.
PublicAdministrationandBureaucracy • How canpublicadministrationbedefined? • Whatisbureaucracy? • What are the characteristics of bureaucracy? • Where does bureaucracy derive its authority from? • Who are civil servants? • What are the positive and negative aspects associated with modern bureaucracy?
Completethefollowing: • Bureaucracy has differentiated ______________or _______________that have specialized competencies and jurisdictions. • Bureaucracy is also characterized by _______________and _______________that govern its internal functions. • Civil servants represent the __________________of the organization of government.
Translateinto Croatian: • Bureaucracy derives its authority from law. It depends neither on traditional nor on personal modes of authority. It is instead based on a form of legal rational authority that defines the foundations of the organization's jurisdiction and its procedures of operation.
The Basic Democratic Principles: the Rule of Law and the Separation of Powers • What is the basic meaning of the rule of law? • What is the meaning of the 'democratic state under the rule of law'? • What are the three basic properties of the rule of law? • Which are thethreebranchesofgovernment? • What is the aim of the division between the three branches of government?
Translateinto Croatian: • The term 'democratic state under the rule of law' means a state where citizens elect their own leaders, a state where government itself is bound by the law and helps ensure that the law is respected in the relations between citizens.
Human Rights • What are human rights? • Which human rights are regarded as fundamental? • Who isentitled to theserights? • What are thefoundationsof human rightslaw? • What are the main aims of the Council of Europe? • When did the European Convention on Human Rights enter into force? • What is prohibited by the Convention? • Where is the European Court of Human Rights located? • Who can lodge an application with the European Court of Human Rights?
TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH: • podnijeti zahtjev Europskom sudu za ljudska prava ___________________ • navodno kršenje temeljnih ljudskih prava ___________________________ • obvezujuća odluka ______________________________________________ • zabrana smrtne kazne ___________________________________________ • neobnovljivi devetogodišnji mandat ________________________________ • akuzatorni postupak _____________________________________________
Translateinto Croatian: • The rights and freedoms protected by the Convention include: the right to life, liberty and security of person; the right to a fair trial in civil and criminal matters; freedom of thought, conscience and religion, and freedom of expression (including freedom of the press).
ConstitutionsandConstitutionalism • Whatis a constitution? • What are the traditional ways of classifying constitutions? • Whatis a softconstitution? • Whatisconstitutionalism? • What is the highest legislative body in the United States? • Who is the head of the executive branch in the United States? • How are the first ten Amendments in the US Constitution called?
Completethefollowing: • A constitutioncanbedefined as _________________ of a country. • A flexible constitution is one which can be easily _______________. • Institutionssuch as ___________________ or _________________ have the power to invalidate laws passed in contravention of the constitution. • An ___________________ is made and adopted by a constituent assembly or council. • The Congress of the United States consists of a _____________ and _____________________________.
Translateinto Croatian: A good constitution should be systematically written, have the ability to develop and change in accordance with the changes in the environmentanditshould provide for the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people.
DecentralizationandDevolution • Whatisdecentralization? • Which are thereasons for decentralization? • Whatisself-rule? • Whatismultilevelgovernance? • What is devolution? • What are the three Devolution Acts passed by UK Parliament?
Translateinto Croatian: • Decentralization refers to the allocation of power in organizations or social structures from the higher to the lower-level. In administrative science, decentralization usually refers to multilevel structures of government or administration.
