Drought experience in the Júcar River Basin Authority

1. Drought experience in the Júcar River Basin Authority Javier Ferrer Head of the Hydrological Planning Department Júcar River Basin Authority

2. Index • Júcar River Basin Authority (CHJ) and recent drought • Situation indicators used by CHJ • Actions during current drought 2005-08 • Actions to minimise environmental impacts • Management and control actions • Actions to obtain additional resources • Saving actions

3. Júcar River Basin Authority and current drought

4. Description of the Júcar River Basin Authority

5. 2005/06 800 600 400 mm 200 0 año 1940/41 1942/43 1944/45 1946/47 1948/49 1950/51 1952/53 1954/55 1956/57 1958/59 1960/61 1962/63 1964/65 1966/67 1968/69 1970/71 1972/73 1974/75 1976/77 1978/79 1980/81 1982/83 1984/85 1986/87 1988/89 1990/91 1992/93 1994/95 1996/97 1998/99 2000/01 2002/03 2004/05 2006/07 Rainfall Júcar Historical average rainfull Average since 1980 Three consecutive years of intense drought Rainfall in the Júcar system

6. 2800 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 hm3 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 año 1940/41 1942/43 1944/45 1946/47 1948/49 1950/51 1952/53 1954/55 1956/57 1958/59 1960/61 1962/63 1964/65 1966/67 1968/69 1970/71 1972/73 1974/75 1976/77 1978/79 1980/81 1982/83 1984/85 1986/87 1988/89 1990/91 1992/93 1994/95 1996/97 1998/99 2000/01 2002/03 2004/05 2006/07 Avegare contribution of historical Natural Regime Total contribution into Tous reservoir Average since 1980 in Natural Regime Year 2005/06 historical minimum since 1940/41 Three consecutive years of intense drought Natural discharge up to the Tous reservoir

7. Legal Frame Royal Decree 1265/2005, of October 21st, by which exceptional administrative measures are adopted for the management of hydrological resources and for the correction of drought effects in the hydrological basins of rivers Júcar, Segura and Tajo, extended until 30th November 2008 by Royal Decree-Law 9/2007, of October 5th. The Permanent Commission of the Governing Board, constituted on December 1st 2005, has developed a detailed follow-up of the drought evolution, meeting up monthly. Thanks to its constitution, public participation is made effective in drought management.

8. 1st December 2005 • 21st December 2005 • 21st January 2006 • 13th February 2006 • 15th March 2006 • 18th April 2006 • 22nd May 2006 • 27th June 2006 • 19th July 2006 • 24th August 2006 • 12th September 2006 • 28th September 2006 • 15th November 2006 • 15th December 2006 • 15th February 2007 • 20th April 2007 • 18th July 2007 • 17th September 2007 • 31st October 2007 • 12th December 2007 • 15th February 2008 • 14th March 2008 • 18th April 2008 • 12th June 2008 • 16th September 2008 • 17th October 2008 • 22th December 2008 • 28) 12th March 2009 Meeting Calendar

9. Composition of the Commission: RD 1265/2005 Delegate organ from the Governing Board for the drought follow-up and management Entitled to vote (13) • Presides: President of JRBA • JRBA (3) : Commissioner, Technical Director, Head HPD of the JRBA. • Ministries (2): Industry (IGME) and MAPA • CCAA (Autonomous Communities, 4) • Users (3): • Valencia Town Hall • Real del Júcar Ditch. • Iberdrola, S.A. In advisory capacity (4) • Environmental Interest Defence: Agró • Entrepreneurial Representation: AVA • Union representation: CCOO • Local Entities: Albacete municipality • Numerous “guests”

10. Global drought indicator in the Júcar system Drought Decree. RD 1265/2005 Permanent Commission Constitution Action Plan Approval Special Drought Plan Approval Order Ministry of Environment 698/2007 March 21st Entry of the Júcar system in emergency scenario

11. Action measures Emergency Scenario • Groundwater extraction: Intensify extractions • Non-conventional resources: Maximum possible reuse • Non-conventional resources: Maximum possible desalination • Alternative sources for supply • Restriction of surface water for irrigation • Restriction of surface water for the supply volume • Activation of the Rights Exchange Centre to ensure supply • Environmental measures: Guards plan and control of the Public Hydraulic Domain

12. Indicators used for water resources management • Type of drought indicators: • General analysis • Drought operational indicators (official, institutional) • Drought indicators in rainfall • Total discharge indicators

13. Volume in the Júcar system September 2008

14. Indicator Evaluation and Threshold Definition • Identify the origin of water resources associated to units with most important demand and representative indicator selection: • Pluviometry • River Discharge • Volume kept in reservoirs • Piezometric levels in aquifers

15. 34 singular indicators in JRBA: • 9 reservoir volume • 9 piezometric level • 9 fluvial networks (3 months) • 7 pluviometers (12 months)

16. Sistema Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Ene Feb Mar System Risk Valuation Scenario Cenia - Maestrazgo 0,67 0,63 0,61 0,64 0,7 0,59 0,74 0,69 0,66 0,66 Cenia - Maestrazgo LOW NORMAL Mijares - Plana de Castellón 0,66 0,66 0,65 0,72 0,73 0,66 0,68 0, 67 0,66 0,67 Mijares - Plana de Castellón LOW NORMAL Palancia - Los Valles LOW NORMAL Palancia - Los Valles 0,66 0,61 0,55 0,64 0,67 0,59 0,68 0,61 0,58 0,57 Turia MEDIUM PRE-ALERT Turia 0,44 0,39 0,38 0,4 0,44 0,45 0,43 0,39 0,37 0, 34 Júcar VERY HIGH EMERGENCY Júcar 0,29 0,26 0,23 0,23 0,22 0,19 0,16 0,14 0,14 0,14 Serpis LOW NORMAL Serpis 0,41 0,43 0,45 0,5 0,69 0,63 0,78 0,70 0,67 0,72 Ma rina Alta VERY LOW NORMAL M arina Alta 0,51 0,51 0,55 0,69 1,00 0,92 0,96 0,89 0,90 0,82 Marina Baja VERY LOW NORMAL Marina Baja 0,80 0,80 0,80 0,85 1,00 1,00 1,00 0,92 0,92 0,88 Vinalopó - Alacantí VERY LOW NORMAL Vinalopó - Alacantí 0,74 0,73 0,83 0,95 1,00 0,86 0,87 0,80 0,82 0,73 Status Index Values Scenario Inputs Scenario outputs Output During Condition Condition Scenario Normal ³ - - 0,50 3 consecutive months 3 months Pre-a lert ]0,5 - 0,30] Normal ³ in a row Ie 0,50 2 consecutive months ³ 2 months Ie 0,50 Alert ]0,3 - 0,15] Pre-alert in a row 6 consecutive months Ie ]0,5 - 0,30] 2 consecutive months 2 months Ie ]0,5 - 0,30] Emergency < 0,15 Alert in a row 6 consecutive months Ie ]0,3 - 0,15] Drought indicators JRBA (31 March 2008). SCENARIOS Drought status indicator per exploitation system

17. System Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep System RiskValuation Scenario Cenia - Maestrazgo 0,74 0,69 0,66 0,66 0,58 0,71 0,71 0,70 0,66 0,62 Cenia - Maestrazgo LOW NORMAL Mijares - Planade Castellón 0,68 0,67 0,66 0,67 0,62 0,65 0,68 0,68 0,65 0,73 Mijares - Plana de Castellón LOW NORMAL Palancia - LosValles 0,68 0,61 0,58 0,57 0,55 0,57 0,73 0,74 0,67 0,70 Palancia - Los Valles LOW NORMAL Turia 0,43 0,39 0,37 0,29 0,33 0,39 0,50 0,51 0,48 0,48 Turia MEDIUM PRE-ALERT Júcar 0,16 0,14 0,14 0,14 0,20 0,29 0,34 0,39 0,38 0,40 Júcar HIGH ALERT Serpis 0,78 0,70 0,67 0,72 0,70 0,73 0,75 0,7 8 0,82 0,64 Serpis LOW NORMAL Marina Alta 0,96 0,89 0,90 0,82 0,76 0,83 0,86 0,86 0,83 0,78 Marina Alta VERY LOW NORMAL Marina Baja 1,00 0,92 0,92 0,88 0,84 0,85 0,91 0,91 0,93 0,91 Marina Baja VERY LOW NORMAL Vinalopó - Alacantí 0,87 0,80 0,82 0,73 0,57 0,75 0,80 0,82 0,77 0,73 Vinalopó - Alacantí VERY LOW NORMAL Status Index Values Scenario Inputs Scenario Outputs Output During Condition Condition Scenario Normal ³ - - 0,50 3 consecutive months 3 months Pre-alert ]0,5 - 0,30] Normal ³ in a row Ie 0,50 2 consecutive months ³ 2 months Ie 0,50 Alert ]0,3 - 0,15] Pre-alert in a row 6 consecutive months Ie ]0,5 - 0,30] 2 consecutive months 2 months Ie ]0,5 - 0,30] Emergency < 0,15 Alert in a row 6 consecutive months Ie ]0,3 - 0,15] Drought indicators JRBA (30 September 2008). SCENARIOS Drought status indicator per exploitation system

18. SCENARIOS Drought indicators JRBA (28 February 2009). Drought status indicator per exploitation system

19. Rain indicators Oct 2007 – Mar 2008 Compared historical average 1940-2006 Oct 2007 – sep 2008

20. Júcar runoff indicators Latest natural discharge evolution Historical position Discharge hm3/month Historical series of 67 years

21. Action Plan 2005/08 Actions to minimise environmental impacts Management and control action Actions to obtain additional resources Saving actions

22. Environmental measures • Flow maintenance • Wetland surveillance

23. Surveillance and maintenance of minimum flows Júcar River Irrigation From aquifer From Júcar river

24. Surveillance middle reach of Júcar river Objective: flow maintenance downstream from Alarcón reservoir Júcar river in summer 1995 Júcar river in summers 2006 and 2007

25. Use reduction 2007-08 Public offer agreement for water rights acquisition in the middle reach of the Júcar basin due to environmental reasons • Objective: Reducing extractions in the middle section of the Júcar river, both in surface water and in groundwater with a greater effect on the river flow. • 2007 Rights acquisition through reduction of irrigated surface. • 2008 Rights acquisition by using less water-consuming crops (spring crops).

26. Uses reduction 2007-08 • Selection criteria: • Effects on river (0-20 points) • Offered price (0-20 points) • Extension: 28.000 has • Right volume: 148 hm3 • Time frame: seasons 2007-08 2007 2008

27. Use reduction 2007-08 OPAD 2007: OPAD (I,II,III) 2008:

28. Monthly and accumulated balance Picazo – Los Frailes Picazo – Los Frailes(Monthly accumulated)

29. Monitoring network in Albufera, Valencia

30. Environmental measures Albufera Lake Ramsar Wetland • Monitoring network: • Lake level • Outflow in the 5 canals

31. Levels in Albufera lake

32. Calibrated outflow in the 5 canals

33. Management and control measures

34. Júcar management simulation model

35. Campaign forecast 2007/2008 (calculation from April 1st 2008) Supply in 2006/07 Discharge2005/06 (blue) Dreadful discharge 1993/94 (orange)

36. For additional resources • Supply from other rivers • Use of drought wells (joint use) • Used water reuse

37. Historical analysis of water supply Supply for the metropolitan area of Valencia with surface water from rivers Júcar and Turia

38.  2008 Wells Repumping Total premises Real del Júcar Ditch 66 2 68 Real de Escalona Ditch 7 7 Real de Carcaixent Ditch 3 3 Sueca irrigation union 8 8 Cullera irrigation union 6 8 14 Mayor de la Villa and Honor de Corbera Ditch 4  1 5 General Community from Canal Júcar-Turia 40 40 Total 126 19 145 Drought wells and re-pumping in the irrigation system

40. Monthly control Albufera Lake and Springs Drought wells: flows and levels Re-pumping in irrigation network

41. Basic Monitoring Network Albufera Piezometry Hydrometry General Piezometry Specific drought network

42. GWB Valencia South Plain 2830-8-27 08.27.036 (Alcàntera del Xuquer) 2929-1-40 08.27.091 (Picassent) 2830-4-43 08.27.009 (Gavarda) 2930-5-112 08.26.115 (Manuel) 2930-1-17 08.26.044 (Carcaixent) 2930-1-35 08.26.047 (Masalavés) 2929-6-163 08.26.110 (Alzira) 2829-4-40 08.26.002 (Carlet) 2929-5-44 08.26.031 (Carlet) 2930-1-3 08.26.043 (Alzira)

43. Enero de 2009 WWW.CHJ.ES

44. Volumes of treated water reused during drought

45. Water conservation and saving measures

46. Supply Valencia_Turia Supply Valencia_Júcar Surf_Turia Surf_Júcar Pumping Re-pumping Reuse Supply Valencia Surf Turia+Jucar

47. Emergency works 2005-08

48. Emergency works • Main investments in: • Improvement in the supply guarantee for urban areas and sources for alternative resource • Improvement in drinking water treatment systems • Improvement in the efficiency of irrigation systems

49. Thank you for your attention!