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Writing Chemical Equations to Symbolize Chemical Reactions

Writing Chemical Equations to Symbolize Chemical Reactions. 1. Solid aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxide. Write the formulas of the reactants and products. Al + O 2 → Al 2 O 3 Add symbols to indicate physical state. Al (s) + O 2 (g) → Al 2 O 3 (s)

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Writing Chemical Equations to Symbolize Chemical Reactions

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  1. Writing Chemical Equationsto Symbolize Chemical Reactions 1

  2. Solid aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxide. • Write the formulas of the reactants and products. • Al + O2 → Al2O3 • Add symbols to indicate physical state. • Al(s) + O2(g) → Al2O3(s) • Balance (Law of Conservation of Mass) • 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Al2O3(s) • Synthesis Reaction 2

  3. Electrical current through water.Electrolysis of water into its elements. • Write the skeleton equation • H2O → H2 + O2 • Put in physical state symbols • H2O(L) → H2(g) + O2(g) • Balance • 2 H2O(L) → 2 H2(g) + O2(g) • Decomposition 3

  4. Solid iron rusts. Solid iron reacts with oxygen gas to produce iron(III) oxide. • Write the skeleton equation • Fe + O2 → Fe2O3 • Put in physical state symbols • Fe(s) + O2(g) → Fe2O3(s) • Balance • 4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s) • Synthesis (aka combination) 4

  5. Ammonium Nitrate dissolves.Since we have defined dissolving as a physical change, this is NOT a chemical reaction, just a physical change. • Write the skeleton equation • NH4NO3 → NH4+ + NO3− • Put in physical state symbols • NH4NO3(s) → NH4+(aq) + NO3−(aq) • Balance • Already balanced. • Dissolving 5

  6. Aqueous sodium dichromate is reacted with aqueous lead(II) nitrate to produce a solid precipitate of lead(II) dichromate and aqueous sodium nitrate. • Write the skeleton equation Na2Cr2O7 + Pb(NO3)2 → PbCr2O7 + NaNO3 • Put in physical state symbols Na2Cr2O7(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbCr2O7(ppt) + NaNO3(aq) • Balance Na2Cr2O7(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbCr2O7(ppt) + 2NaNO3(aq) • Double Replacement 6

  7. Solid potassium metal is reacted with water to produce aqueous potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. • Write the skeleton equation • K + H2O → KOH + H2 • Put in physical state symbols • K(s) + H2O(L)→ KOH(aq)+ H2(g) • Balance • 2K(s) + 2H2O(L) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) • Single Replacement 7

  8. Solid calcium reacted with liquid water to produce aqueous calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. • Write the skeleton equation • Ca + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2 • Put in physical state symbols • Ca(s) + H2O(L)→ Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) • Balance • Ca(s) + 2H2O(L) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) • Single Replacement 8

  9. Solid zinc reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to produce aqueous zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. • Write the skeleton equation • Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 • Put in physical state symbols • Zn(s)+ HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq)+ H2(g) • Balance • Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) • Single Replacement 9

  10. Burning of methane gas, CH4 • Write the skeleton equation • CH4 + O2 → H2O + CO2 • Put in physical state symbols • CH4(g) + O2(g) → H2O(g) + CO2(g) • Balance • CH4 (g) + 2O2(g) → 2H2O(g) + CO2(g) • This is the gas that comes through our Bunsen burners. • Combustion 10

  11. Nylon is formed from hexamethylenedamine reacting with sebacoyl chloride to produce the nylon polymer and hydrochloric acid. • Nylon is a generic term to represent a particular type of polymer. • C6H12N2H6 + C6H8Cl2O2 → C12H20O2N2H4 + 2 HCl • Balance • C6H12N2H6 + C6H8Cl2O2 → C12H20O2N2H4 + 2 HCl • This is a typical polymerization reaction. • Polymer = many mers (repeating small units) • Polymerization = making polymers from monomers. 11

  12. Polymerization - making large molecules from small units You may remember that many glucose molecules hooked together make the polymer starch or cellulose 12

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