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Great Depression and New Deal Review

Explore the impact of the Great Depression and New Deal on society, politics, and economics in America. Learn about key events, figures, and policies that shaped this significant era in history.

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Great Depression and New Deal Review

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  1. Great Depression and New Deal Review

  2. When you invest in the stock market, what can happen with your money? • Earn, lose, stay the same

  3. Why did people invest in the stock market in the twenties? • Stock prices were rising, made more money than banks

  4. Were banks safe during the depression? • No- people withdrew money- banks closed

  5. Who was the Bonus Army? • WWI vets- down on their luck

  6. When were they supposed to be paid? • 1945

  7. Why did some people view Pretty Boy Floyd as a hero? • Helped poor, destroyed mortgages- banks were viewed as bad

  8. What is speculation? • Short term investing

  9. Who was the President when the stock market crashed? What Party was he from? • Hoover, Republican

  10. What was the role of optimism in the stock market crash? • People were too optimistic- invested needed money in stock market

  11. What is buying on margin? Is it legal now? • Putting a little down- repay with earnings- no

  12. What natural disaster hit farmers in 1930? • drought

  13. What happened to the price of farmland during the depression? • Went way down

  14. What was the leading relief agency in 1930? • Red Cross

  15. What did Hoover not include in his relief efforts? • Direct Aid- food for people

  16. What was the Harley Smoot Tariff? • Highest tariff in US history- decreased world trade

  17. What is a foreclosure? • Bank takes back property because payments are late

  18. Who won the election of 1932? What Party was he from? • F. Roosevelt, Democrat

  19. What were the Bank Holidays? • Banks closed to withdrawals, examined and opened when they were ok

  20. What was the Tennessee Valley area like before the TVA project? • 100 yrs behind rest of country, poor, flooding and erosion, little electricity

  21. What were the three aims of the TVA? • Navigation, Electricity, flood control

  22. Why were the people of the Tennessee Valley eventually pleased with the TVA? • Jobs

  23. What were FDR’s three Rs? • Relief • Recovery • Reform

  24. What were “Fireside Chats”? • Attempts by FDR to calm people

  25. How did the AAA affect tenant farmers? • Only gave money to property owners

  26. What positions did FDR hold before the Presidency? • Governor of NY

  27. Why did Alf Landon lose to FDR? • No real difference from FDR- country was starting to improve

  28. What replaced the NIRA? • Wagner Act

  29. How did the Social Security Act help people? • Money for disabled, orphaned and retired

  30. Why did FDR want to change the Supreme Court? • Get votes on his side

  31. What happened when FDR cut back on the New Deal in 1937? • Unemployment increased

  32. Why was Gone With the Wind popular during the depression? • Romantic escape- people prevailing against odds

  33. Who was • Townsend- promoted a pension plan for elderly- pay not to work, must spend • Long- proposed a nationwide social program “share our wealth” assassinated

  34. Who was • Coughlin- Roman Catholic priest, thought FDR did not go far enough wanted nationalized banks and guaranteed annual income • Landon- lost ’36 election to FDR • Eleanor Roosevelt- 1st lady, spoke out for women, minorities, down trodden

  35. What was the • AAA- Plan to help farmers by limiting production • WPA- work program- construction, writing, murals, city guides

  36. What was the • PWA and NIRA- money to states for construction of schools and other municipal buildings • NRA- established fair practices for business • ALL- felt that the New Deal violated individual rights and property

  37. What was the • CCC- Put 18-25 yr. olds to work- building roads, developing parks, planting trees • FDIC- part of Glass Steagall Act-insured deposits in banks

  38. How did the Rural Electrification Act affect different areas? • Electricity- housework easier, demand for appliances

  39. What was the role of optimism in causing the depression and helping America recover? • People were too optimistic and speculated with money they couldn’t afford to lose. • Later people regained confidence in banks and America.

  40. How would rich people not buying goods affect other areas of society? • Less products needed, less people (jobs) needed to manufacture

  41. Why were Conservatives critical of the New Deal? • Took away freedom, government too involved with business

  42. Why were liberals critical of the New Deal? • Didn’t go far enough

  43. What are demagogues? • leaders who manipulate people with half truths, deceptive promises, and scare tactics

  44. How was the New Deal limited in helping African-Americans? Women? • Maintained discrimination- no equal pay, limited professional jobs

  45. What brought an end to the Great Depression? • World War II

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