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Eolian Mapping Models

Eolian Mapping Models. Objectives. Consider the mapping models of two different major eolian deposits: Nebraska Sand Hills Peoria loess in Missouri Discuss the factors to consider when conducting soil surveys in eolian deposits. Mapping the Dunes. Grant County Nebraska Sand Hills.

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Eolian Mapping Models

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  1. Eolian Mapping Models

  2. Objectives • Consider the mapping models of two different major eolian deposits: • Nebraska Sand Hills • Peoria loess in Missouri • Discuss the factors to consider when conducting soil surveys in eolian deposits.

  3. Mapping the Dunes Grant County Nebraska Sand Hills Reviewed by & with comments added from Roger Hammer, NRCS Soil Scientist (now retired), North Platte, NE

  4. Where did all that sand come from? MLRA 65 Sand Hills Grant Co Nebraska Why might this be of interest to soil survey models?

  5. Scotts Bluff, W of Sand Hills Source of sands?

  6. Tertiary alluvium Soft sandstones, mudstones

  7. N Platte R Scottsbluff

  8. Sand Hills: formed “in place” from the Ogallala formation? Miocene Pliocene

  9. ArcExplorer query result for Hyannis, NE (Grant Co)

  10. Sandhills: DEM of central Grant Co, NE

  11. Soils and Landforms in Grant Co General Toposequence • Dunes landform • Typic Ustipsamments • Valentine series • Interdunes landforms • Dunes on Interdunes* • Psamments, sandy Haplustolls • Valentine, Dailey; 3-9% slopes • Hummocks on Interdunes • Typic, Oxyaquic & Aquic Psamments; Oxyaquic Haplustolls (sandy); Halaquepts (sandy) • Valentine, Ipage, Els, Nenzel, Wildhorse; 0-3% slopes • Swales on Interdunes • Psammaquents, Endoaquolls (sandy), Calciaquolls (co-l); partial list • Tryon, Loup, Gannett, Elsmere, Crowther, Cullison, etc.; 0-3% slopes • Depressions on Interdunes • Mollic Psammaquents • Marlake series * “Dunes on Interdunes” nested landforms no longer used; R. Hammer

  12. Interdune Landform Definitions* • Hummocks • A “best-fit” term, not optimal. Small, low-lying, nearly level (0-3%) areas that are not swales. • Swales • Concave areas w surface drainage; open depressions. • Depressions • Closed, concave areas w no surface outlet; deeper ponding for longer duration than swales. * Definitions from R. Hammer

  13. Interdune Landform Definitions* • Hummocks • A “best-fit” term, not optimal. Small, low-lying, nearly level (0-3%) areas that are not swales. • Swales • Concave areas w surface drainage; open depressions. • Depressions • Closed, concave areas w no surface outlet; deeper ponding for longer duration than swales. * Definitions from R. Hammer

  14. Draft Block Diagram from Cherry Co., NE Valent = Valentine Note Interdune pattern: Hummock, Swale, Depression Courtesy of R. Hammer

  15. Dune – Interdune Landform pattern (SSURGO data)

  16. Interdune Landforms (SSURGO data)

  17. Slope model: continuous gradient

  18. Slope model: 4-class (discrete)

  19. Slope model and Dunes soil mapping model Rolling Rolling and Hilly Hilly

  20. Interdune Landforms (SSURGO data)

  21. Interdune lake (depression) with alkali rim Vegetation includes inland saltgrass (Distichlisspicata ) Photo courtesy of R. Hammer

  22. Loess mapping in Missouri Loess source(s)? Loess characteristics?

  23. Missouri River Floodplain Uplands: Pre-Illinoian till draped with thick Peoria loess. Missouri River Floodplain Pedons: Geographic pattern? Trend?

  24. Missouri River Floodplain Gradient: Co-si Udorthents, calc. Fi-si Eutrochrepts Fi-si Hapludolls (sil) Fi-si Hapludolls (sicl) F Argiudolls Missouri River Floodplain

  25. V Deep Loess woodland/forest soils in Missouri Loess source(s)? Any testable hypotheses here? Menfro: fi-siTypicHapludalfs Winfield: fi-siOxyaquicHapludalfs Weller: f AquicHapludalfs

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