CoP 17, Durban SA 28 November to -9 December 2011

1. CoP 17, Durban SA 28 November to -9 December 2011 The role of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) in implementing REDD+ in the united republic of TanzaniaOPPORTUNITIES AND ConstraintsBy National REDD+ TASKFORCEE

2. 1. Location of the country 2. Background of Participatory Forest Management (PFM)- CBFM and JFM 3. Key concept and policy objective of PFM 4. Example of CBFM and activities undertaken 5. Linking Forest Estate and REDD+ in Tanzania 6. Opportunities and Constraints 7. Conclusion Presentation outline

3. location of the united republic of Tanzania  AFRICA

4. For a longtime, the GoT has attempted to curb problem of deforestation and degradation by promoting community forest management aiming at producing sufficient amount of forest products and services to meet both local demands and promoting the forest contribution to global environmental conservation • Despite these efforts unsustainable land use have place forest resources prone to degradation. • To address the situation Tz has embarked in REDD+ Mechanism Background

5. In Tanzania, participatory forest management (PFM) is an overall term for decentralised forest management models: a genuine shift of management over forest resources from government to local community. Two distinct setups for PFM: KEY CONCEPT:’ paRticipatoryforest management ’ PFM’ (i) Community Base Forest Management (CBFM) • Takes place in ‘village land’ • Villagers takes full ownership and management responsibilities • Villagers collect forest royalty from sale of forest products (ii) Joint Forest Management (JFM) • Takes place in Government Forest Reserves • Is a collaborative management approach: divides management responsibility between Gov and the communities. • The community gets user rights through signing of formalized management agreements

6. The government was lacking the sufficient capacity to sustainably manage forest and hence there was a need to involve communities in forest management • Improved livelihoods through increased forest revenues and secure supply of subsistence forest products • Improved forest quality through sustainable management practices • Improved forest governance at village and district levels through effective and accountable natural resource management institutions PFM Policy objectives/why pfm

7. 1. Angai Villages Land Forest Reserve is managed and own by 13 villages. Area of natural forest is 139,420 ha demarcated, and registered under villages’ land certificates. 3 villages have data on biomass as a result of PRA 2. Community forests areas around Jozani National Park in Zanzibar 9 villages manages 3,472 ha community forest under agreement with the Government. Example of villages with cbfm in tz

8. Forest boundary demarcation, reservation and resource assessment • Village Land use planning (agric, grazing, investment, ritual, forest, settlement etc) the process is participatory and is guided by local experts • Develop participatory village forest management plan based on PRA report • Formulation of village By-laws which are approved by District council- a tool for Implementation of land-use and Forest management plans Activities under cbfm

10. Forest resources covers 33.4m ha, out of which 13m ha are Forest Reserve areas (CF, NR, Mangroves and coastal forests (mgt by CG or LA) • Out of 33.4 m ha, 4.1 m ha are under PFM in 2000 villages out of 12,000 . • About 19m ha forests are in village and/or general land (termed as ‘free access’) which are subject to high rate of deforestation and degradation • Forests reservation through CBFM has proved to reverse D & D trend in TZ, and therefore is fundamental part of efforts to develop REDD+ mechanism. The approach is considered to be a vehicle for REDD+ • Since 2008 the GoT has initiated 9 REDD+ pilot projects which are being implemented by CSO across Tanzania using PFM approach approach Linking Forest estate and redd+ in TZ

11. REDD+ pilot projects across tz

12. Building capacity towards understanding of REDD+ mechanisms in view of participating in future forest carbon trade • Data collection for both carbon measurement and socio-economic, focusing on establishment of baselines • Awareness raising on free , prior and informed consent on REDD+ activities • Piloting REDD+ payment system (JGI, TFCG, MCIP, TATEDO) • Development of equitable and effective communities forest management strategy • Initiate schemes to reduce charcoal consumption using LPG • Establishment of communities carbon enterprise • Information sharing and networking on REDD+ • Formation and capacitate institutional framework for REDD+ implementation at community level Some Activities under REDD+ pilots projects • .

13. OPPORTUNITIES • There is an already existing platform for PFM to operate (policy , legal and institutional framework –supportive) • There is potential forest area to implement PFM (about 19m ha of forest is in village/general land) • Benefits accruing from CBFM are shared among community members • Under CBFM arrangement forest is owned by local community. • Willingness from various actors to participate and support PFM ( communities, NGOs, Civil society, development partners and the govt Opportunities and challenges of pfm that are likely to impact REDD+ implementation

14. PFM is a long process, from awareness to its implementation with no sufficient incentives for participation Cost- benefit sharing mechanism is not clear yet under JFM arrangements To a large extent, PFM is donor dependent and high transaction costs Limited capacity (Human and Finance) to support implementation of PFM at local level Forest adjacent communities are heavily dependent on forest resources for their livelihood (charcoal, timber, building materials, grazing etc) 2 challenges

15. There is a strong synergies and relationship between PFM and REDD+ • PFM practices combined with REDD+ payments have a potential to reduce D & D, but it seems REDD payments will take time while communities have high expectations about REDD+ funds. Conclusion

16. Thank you for listening