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Metropolis Light Transport for Participating Media. Mark Pauly Thomas Kollig Alexander Keller. ETH Zürich University of Kaiserslautern. Overview. Light Transport for Participating Media Path Integral Formulation Sampling Rendering with Metropolis Light Transport Results Conclusions.
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Metropolis Light Transport for Participating Media Mark Pauly Thomas Kollig Alexander Keller ETH Zürich University of Kaiserslautern
Overview • Light Transport for Participating Media • Path Integral Formulation • Sampling • Rendering with Metropolis Light Transport • Results • Conclusions
Related Work MC Methods FE Methods • Light Tracing ‘93 • Pattanaik, Mudur • Zonal Methods ‘87 • Rushmeier, Torrance • Bidirectional Path Tracing ‘96 • Lafortune, Willems • Hierarchical Radiosity ‘93 • Bhate • Photon Map ‘98 • Jensen, Christensen • Spherical Harmonics ‘84 • Kajiya, von Herzen • Metropolis Light Transport ‘97 • Veach, Guibas • Discrete Ordinates ‘94 • Languenou, Bouatouch, Chelle
Light Transport • Global Balance Equation In-scattering Streaming Emission Absorption Out-scattering
• Path Integral Path Integral Formulation • Measurement Equation
object 0 medium 1 1 1 sensor light source • Path Characteristic
• Path Space Measure • Path Space
• Path Integral • Measurement Contribution Function
Equidistant Sampling efficient aliasing Stratified Sampling anti-aliasing inefficient Random Offset Sampling Sampling • Line Integral Computation: Ray Marching
Metropolis Light Transport • Generate a random walk through path space • For each path deposit a constant amount of energy at the corresponding pixel • Obtain desired image by distributing paths according to image contribution • Metropolis sampling
Metropolis Sampling • Propose a mutation of current path • Compute acceptance probability • Choose as new sample if Samples are correlated we can exploit coherence
Mutation Strategies • Bidirectional Mutations • large changes to the current path • ensures ergodicity • Perturbations • high acceptance probability • changes to image location • low cost Scattering Perturbations Propagation Perturbations Sensor Perturbations Caustic Perturbations
Propagation Perturbation medium image plane light source eye
Conclusions • Participating media are fully integrated • inhomogeneous media • multiple, anisotropic scattering • volume caustics • color bleeding • General geometry and reflection models • Robust • Complex Scenes • Difficult Lighting Situations