Chapter 23: An Era of Social Change Section 3: Culture and Counterculture

1. Chapter 23:An Era of Social ChangeSection 3:Culture and Counterculture

2. California Academic Standards:11.8.8 & 11.9.4 • 11.8 Students analyze the economic boom and social transformation of post-World War II America. • .8 Discuss forms of popular culture, with emphasis on their origins and geographic diffusion (e.g., jazz and other forms of popular music, professional sports, architectural and artistic styles). • 11.9 Students analyze U.S. foreign policy since World War II. • .4 List the effects of foreign policy on domestic policies and vice versa (e.g., protests during the war in Vietnam, the "nuclear freeze" movement). • Objectives: • Following lecture and reading of this section, students will be able to: • Describe the flowering and the decline of the counterculture in the 1960s. • Summarize the impact of the counterculture on art, fashion, music, and attitudes. • Show how mainstream America’s response to the counterculture set the nation on a more conservative course.

3. Overview: • Members of the 1960s counterculture movement rejected mainstream society’s values and attempted to create a world of peace, love, and harmony. • Though short lived, the movement had a significant impact on art, fashion, music, and attitudes toward sex and human relationships.

4. However, the counterculture and antiwar movements also sparked a conservative movement, which helped propel Richard Nixon into the White House. • The Counterculture • Members of the counterculture movement of the 1960 and 1970s were mainly white and middle-class.

5. The counterculture movement helped to popularize all of the following: pop art, blue jeans, and rock music. • Timothy Leary provided the counterculture movement with the philosophy of "Tune in, turn on, drop out." • Members of the counter culture reject mainstream society and try to create an idyllic world of peace, love, and harmony.

6. Hippie life usually involved rock ‘n’ roll, outrageous clothing and appearance, and drugs. • During the 1960s, Haight-Ashbury became the "hippie capital" of the United States. • Many members of the counterculture movement sought enlightenment through the teachings of Eastern religions.

7. After a few years, the counterculture’s peace and harmony gave way to violence, drug abuse, and disillusionment. • The counterculture movement was not weakened by the effects of drug use dependency on mainstream America.

8. A Changing Culture • The rebelliousness of the counterculture influences styles of art and fashion. • Hippies embrace rock music as their anthem of social protest cultural change. • Woodstock was the site of a famous, peaceful rock concert held in 1969.

9. The counterculture leaves a legacy of more relaxed attitudes towards sex, marriage, behavior, and relationships • The Conservative Response • Conservative Americans voice their anger with student rebellions and the counterculture.

10. The response of angry mainstream Americans helps propel Richard Nixon into the White House.