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Compounds & Bonds – Unit 5

Compounds & Bonds – Unit 5. Why do atoms bond to form compounds? How are bonds formed? How do we represent compounds (names and formulas)?. Bonding Essentials. Bonds are formed when valence electrons are gained, lost or shared by atoms There are 3 major types of bonds

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Compounds & Bonds – Unit 5

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  1. Compounds & Bonds – Unit 5 Why do atoms bond to form compounds? How are bonds formed? How do we represent compounds (names and formulas)?

  2. Bonding Essentials • Bonds are formed when valence electrons are gained, lost or shared by atoms • There are 3 major types of bonds • Ionic, Covalent, Metallic • Compounds are 2 or more atoms bonded together, with different properties than their elements.

  3. Warm-up: What type of bonds are created with: Ionic, Covalent (non-polar or polar) Use the PT (for electronegativity trends) • Cr and Fe • Rb and Br • Cl and Cl • H and F • Ba and I • S and S

  4. Covalent Bonds – Strength • What is the • Relationship between: • Bond energy & • Bond length • Bond energy & • Number of bonds

  5. Intermolecular forces • What holds the separate covalent bonds together? • http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/favicon.ico

  6. Lewis structures:A different way • Practice Lewis structures (electron dot) • Structural formula (shows bonds with lines) • Introduce shape of compounds • VSEPR • Determine polarity • Identify diatomic molecules (7)

  7. Electronic cereal: • Start with diatomic molecules • 2 atoms of the same element (7) • Rules to follow: Make every compound • Use different colors for each atom • Show how each atom contributes electrons to the bond and the lone pairs • Determine shape & polarity • Polarity is?

  8. Properties of Ionic Compounds

  9. Properties of Covalent Compounds (molecules)

  10. Properties of Metallic Solids

  11. Opposites Attract • Find ions that can bond • Write the symbol and the charge • Write the new compound formed by combining the ions. • Name the compound. • Write at least 15 compounds. • Ten should include subscripts.

  12. Bond typeCompound(names & formulas)Properties(physical and chemical)

  13. Covalent Bonds form Molecules (Covalent compounds) Ionic Bonds form Ionic Compounds Metallic Bonds form Metallic Solids Foldable – Front cover

  14. Covalent bond Picture Ionic bond Picture Metallic bond Picture Type of atoms Electrons are: EN difference Type of atoms Electrons are: EN difference Type of atoms Electrons are: Page 1

  15. Molecules (covalent compounds) Lewis structure of water Ionic Compounds (salts) Picture Metallic solid Properties of molecules Properties of Ionic compounds Properties of metallic solids Page 2

  16. Common examples of molecules Common examples of ionic compounds Common examples of metallic solids Names & formulas Binary molecules Binary ionic compounds Brass Pewter Sterling silver Stainless steel Page 3

  17. Molecules Diatomic molecules Acids Ionic Compounds Transition metals Polyatomic ions Metallic solids Bronze Gold Page 4 – names & formulas

  18. Lewis Diagrams • Count and add the valence electrons for each atom. • Put C as the central atom (or element with with lowest electronegativity). • Hydrogen is never the central atom • Place 2 electrons for each bond between 2 atoms. • Arrange the other electrons evenly around the atoms to satisfy the octet rule. • Duet rule for H. • If there are not enough electrons, make double or triple bonds.

  19. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion VSEPR Lewis Diagrams This means:

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