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Deploying Digital Drivers , Architectures, and Considerations Mike Hochman 2008 CCTA Annual Meeting San Juan, PR. Outline. System architectures and drivers Simulcast Edge Expansion All-Digital Encoding architectures Constant bitrate (CBR) Variable bitrate (VBR) Ad insertion

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Outline

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  1. Deploying DigitalDrivers,Architectures,and ConsiderationsMike Hochman2008 CCTA Annual MeetingSan Juan, PR

  2. Outline • System architectures and drivers • Simulcast • Edge Expansion • All-Digital • Encoding architectures • Constant bitrate (CBR) • Variable bitrate (VBR) • Ad insertion • Locally generated channels • Considerations for choosing the correct architecture and partner

  3. Typical analog cable system 450 – 550 MHz 60-80 channels Analog “scrambling” & traps No HD, VOD, etc. Analog receivers Analog modulators Node Fiber/HFC Coaxial Combiner IRD Receiver Decoder

  4. Digital Simulcast • Increase digital services • Enhance user experience • Maintain high quality • Discerning viewers • Large screen TVs

  5. Multiplexing & Modulation Encoders Digital Simulcast Piracy protection on digital channels Digital video quality Lower cost all-digital set top Foundation for HD, VOD ~ $3,000 per channel Analog receivers Analog modulators Node Fiber/HFC Coaxial Combiner IRD Receiver Decoder

  6. Multiplexing & Modulation Encoders Analog modulators Edge QAM Combiner Decoders Edge Expansion Expanded plant bandwidth Interactive applications VOD Switched Digital Video ~ $500 / channel / node Analog receivers Node Fiber/HFC Coaxial IRD Receiver Decoder

  7. Multiplexing & Modulation Encoders Decoders All-Digital All-digital network Complete piracy protection “Unlimited” bandwidth $50 - $300 per set top box Analog receivers Node Fiber/HFC Coaxial Edge QAM IRD Receiver Decoder

  8. Architectures $ Simulcast Analog & digital throughout the network ~ $3,000 per channel Edge Expansion Decoding and modulation at the edge Additional ~$500 - $1000 per channel per node All-digital Complete piracy protection Bandwidth for future growth $$ $$$ Flexible platforms enable seamless migration

  9. Encoding Architectures

  10. Constant Bit Rate • Fixed transport bitrate • Fixed video bitrate • Fixed audio bitrate • Video quality varies dependent on content • Constant across program mix

  11. All-CBR Architecture Modulation Encoding

  12. Variable Bit Rate • Target bit rate range (min, max) • Target video quality • Bit rate changes to achieve target • Varies with time • Varies across program mix

  13. Variable Bit Rate “Easy” content: • News channels • Cartoons “Difficult” content: • Sports action • Quick scene changes

  14. Open-loop VBR Encoding Rate-Shaping Modulation

  15. Closed-loopVBR Closed-loop controller Bit rate assignments Complexity estimates Modulation Encoding

  16. IP IP Distributed Closed-loop Region 2 Closed-loop controller Region 1 Modulation Encoding

  17. Closed-loop VBR $$$$$$ 16 ch. per QAM Open-loop VBR Rate-shaped $$$ Rate- shaper 14 ch. per QAM Open-loop CBR Rate-shaped $$ Rate- shaper 12 ch. per QAM Open-loop CBR Not rate-shaped $ 10-11 ch. per QAM CBR, VBR, Open, Closed, Rate-shaped

  18. Ad Insertion • Maintain existing analog ad insertion system and encode after insertion • Low Cost • Harder to manage • Reduced video quality • Digital Program Insertion • Ads stay digital • Are usually CBR • Easier to manage • Higher video quality

  19. Ad Splicing SCTE 35 Encoder Mux/Splicer QAM Ad stream Network Cue tones DTMF, Contact Closure, or SCTE 104 SCTE 30 CATV Network Ad Server

  20. Locally Generated Content • If you wish to deploy all-digital set-tops, EVERYTHING must be digital • MDU in-house channels • Hotels • Hospitals • Stadiums

  21. Community Cameras Encoding, Multiplexing, Modulation and Up Conversion Locally Generated Content Analog receivers Analog Fiber Node Ad Servers Without digital set top Edge Decoding Groomer/Mux Optical IP transport Off-air ENCORE Encoders Splicer/Mux Modulation QUARTET Encoders With digital set top Digital Fiber Node Digital receivers Community Cameras MDU encoding, multiplexing, modulation and up conversion

  22. Criteria for partner selection • Video quality • Channels per QAM • Ease of deployment and maintenance • Cost • Digital ad-insertion • Upgradeability, flexibility • Work with partners that have experience, and proven success interoperating with each other

  23. Thank You

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