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Viroids Lyndsay Murrow BMS 265

Viroids Lyndsay Murrow BMS 265. Nomenclature. Viroid = “virus- like”. Adapted from Flores R et al (1998) Arch Virol 143 , 623-629. Discovery. Early 1960s: Raymer and O’Brien develop a bioassay for the agent causing potato spindle tuber disease.

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Viroids Lyndsay Murrow BMS 265

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  1. Viroids Lyndsay Murrow BMS 265

  2. Nomenclature Viroid = “virus- like” Adapted from Flores R et al (1998) Arch Virol143, 623-629.

  3. Discovery Early 1960s: Raymer and O’Brien develop a bioassay for the agent causing potato spindle tuber disease 1968: Characterization of chrysanthemum stunt and citrus exocortis as non-typical viruses 1973: Electron micrograph shows viroid’s hairpin structure 1976: EM shows that viroids form closed circular RNAs 1965: Raymer teams up with Diener; they show that agent is not a typical virion 1971: Diener demonstrates that the agent is a free non-coding RNA, coins the term viroid 1974: Confirmation that viroids are non-coding 1978: PSTVd is sequenced

  4. Example Members Genus Pospiviroids: PSTVd (potato spindle tuber) Genus Hostuviroids: HSVd (hop stunt) Genus Cocadviroids: CCCVd (coconut cadang-cadang) Genus Apscaviroids: ASSVd (apple scar skin) Genus Coleviroids: CbVd 1 (coleus blumei 1) Genus Avsunviroids: ASBVd (avocado sunblotch) Genus Pelamoviroids: PLMVd (peach latent mosaic) Pospiviroidae: Nuclear, CCR, no hammerhead self-cleavage Avsunviroidae: Chloroplastic, no CCR, hammerhead self-cleavage

  5. Evolution and Conservation William G. Scott Diener TO (1996) Virus Genes11, 119-131.

  6. Biogenesis Adapted from Daròs J et al (2006) EMBO Reports7, 593-598.

  7. Cellular Functions (Pathogenicity) Pray LA (2004) The Scientist18, 23.

  8. Mechanism of Action Martick M and Scott WG (2006) SSRL Research Highlight11, 119-131. http://ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/research/highlights_archive/ribozyme.html http://rnaworld.bio.ku.edu

  9. Potential as a Tool Citti L and Rainaldi G (2005) Curr Gene Ther5, 11-24.

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